Union County, FL — Planting Guide
Union County is in USDA Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 1 and the first fall frost is November 27, giving you a growing season of approximately 271 days.
At an elevation of 360 ft, Union County receives approximately 60.6 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 96°F with winter lows around 56°F. The predominant soil type is Sand.
Based on 28 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 56 days year to year — ranging from January 29 in warm years to March 26 in cold years. The growing season is trending longer by about 5.39 days per decade. Union County scores 45/100 (Moderate) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
9a (20°F to 25°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
March 1
🍂 First Frost
November 27
📅 Growing Season
271 days
⛰️ Elevation
360 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
60.6 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3.1 in | 7 days | — | None |
| Feb | 2.7 in | 5 days | 1.6 in | High |
| Mar | 3.5 in | 6 days | 0.8 in | Moderate |
| Apr | 2.8 in | 6 days | 1.5 in | Moderate |
| May | 4.4 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Jun | 8.1 in | 17 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 10 in | 18 days | — | Low |
| Aug | 9 in | 16 days | — | Low |
| Sep | 7.2 in | 14 days | — | Low |
| Oct | 4.5 in | 8 days | — | Low |
| Nov | 2.7 in | 5 days | 1.6 in | High |
| Dec | 2.5 in | 5 days | — | None |
Annual total: 60.5 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Union County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Sand
Soil pH
5.2-6
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 28 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Mar 26 | Dec 20 | 269 days |
| Cautious | Mar 12 | Dec 4 | 267 days |
| Average year | Mar 1 | Nov 27 | 271 days |
| Optimistic | Feb 14 | Nov 16 | 275 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Jan 29 | Nov 7 | 282 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±56 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting longer here (about 5.4 days per decade). Spring is arriving earlier than it used to. Good news for gardeners.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Union County presents some gardening challenges. Choose adapted varieties and plan around frost dates.
Local Gardening Help in Union County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Union County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Union County University of Florida IFAS Extension Extension Office
Phone: 352-392-1761
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Union County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Union County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Union County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Union County FL" or "garden center Union County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Union County FL" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Union County Gardeners" or "Florida Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
13.9 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
10.1 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
9.1 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your shorter days favor short-day onion varieties like Vidalia, Texas 1015, and Red Creole. Plant in fall for best results.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 10.3 hr | 6.2 hr | Short day |
| February | 11 hr | 6.9 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.8 hr | 7.4 hr | Short day |
| April | 12.7 hr | 8.5 hr | Neutral |
| May | 13.5 hr | 9.1 hr | Neutral |
| June | 13.9 hr | 7.6 hr | Neutral |
| July | 13.8 hr | 7.2 hr | Neutral |
| August | 13.1 hr | 6.9 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 6.7 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11.3 hr | 6.8 hr | Short day |
| November | 10.5 hr | 6.3 hr | Short day |
| December | 10.1 hr | 5.8 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Apr through Nov.
Best Month to Compost
Apr
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
12 months
Nearly year-round composting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 53°F | 59°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Feb | 52°F | 57°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Mar | 60°F | 62°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Apr | 68°F | 69°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| May | 79°F | 76°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jun | 87°F | 84°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 97°F | 90°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 97°F | 92°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 90°F | 89°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 79°F | 81°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Nov | 69°F | 72°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Dec | 57°F | 63°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Union County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
High — expect multiple pest generations. Preventative measures essential.
Disease Risk
High fungal/bacterial risk. Space plants for airflow, water at soil level.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | High | Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Whiteflies | High | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Spider mites | High | May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Fire ants | Moderate | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Thrips | Moderate | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Leaf miners | Moderate | Mar, Apr, May, Jun |
Organic pest management tips
- Install physical barriers: floating row covers, copper tape for slugs, mesh netting
- Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) for caterpillar control — safe for beneficial insects
- Use kaolin clay spray to deter a wide range of insects on fruiting crops
- Release beneficial insects: ladybugs for aphids, parasitic wasps for caterpillars
- Apply neem oil weekly during high-pressure months
- Mulch heavily (3-4 inches) to reduce soil-borne disease splash
Cover Crops for Union County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Spring Cover Crops (4 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Mar 6 | Sep 25 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Cowpeas (southern peas) | Mar 5 | Sep 18 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer for warm climates, edible |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Mar 11 | Sep 18 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Jan 31 | Oct 2 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | Mar 28 | Nov 6 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (4 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Sep 26 | Feb 8 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Sep 15 | Feb 8 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Oct 9 | Feb 15 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Sep 9 | Feb 15 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 11 mph Summer: 8 mph
Fall: 9 mph Winter: 9 mph
Prevailing wind: E. Moderate wind — consider a temporary windbreak for young seedlings.
Windbreak Benefit
4.9/10
Moderately beneficial — a simple fence or trellis can protect delicate crops from wind stress.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (33 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
30,153 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 1,000 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Feb, Nov, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 60.5 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 30,153 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Your area gets ample rainfall — even small barrels make a big difference
- Consider a rain garden to handle overflow during heavy rainfall months
Soil & Growing Conditions in Union County
Soil Type
Sand
Soil pH 5.2–6 · Excessively Drained drainage
Raised beds strongly recommended here — native soil drainage or texture limits in-ground options.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 3.5/10
Low-to-moderate drought stress. Plan to water 1–2 times per week during peak summer. (60.6 in. annual rainfall)
Season Tips
271-day frost-free season
Your long season supports multiple successions and heat-demanding crops like melons, sweet potatoes, and peppers. Plant warm-season crops as soon as soil warms.
Free Garden Planner
Plan your entire garden season — organize planting dates, track what you're growing, and know exactly when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest.
Recommended for Your Garden
Reduce heat stress and sun scorch in hot climates with UV-stabilized shade cloth.
Retain moisture and nutrients in sandy soils with expanded vermiculite.
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Union County
115 vegetables that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Union County.
Show all 115 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 31 – Jul 5 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | Mar 15 | Jul 19 – Sep 27 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Feb 8 | — | Apr 5 – May 3 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Jun 21 – Aug 16 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jun 21 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Mar 8 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 17 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 3 – Jun 14 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 17 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 31 – Jul 26 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 12 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 31 – Jul 26 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | Mar 15 | Jul 19 – Aug 30 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Feb 8 | — | Apr 12 – May 17 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 28 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Jun 14 – Jul 19 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 3 – Jun 14 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 14 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jul 12 – Sep 20 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 24 – Jul 5 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 3 – Jun 14 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – May 24 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 31 – Jul 5 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 28 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Mar 8 | — | May 10 – Jul 5 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Mar 8 | — | May 10 – Jun 21 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Mar 15 – Apr 5 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Apr 26 – May 24 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Feb 8 | — | Jul 12 – Sep 13 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Feb 8 | — | Apr 5 – May 3 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 31 – Jul 5 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Mar 8 | — | May 24 – Jul 5 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 19 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 19 – May 24 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – May 24 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 17 – Jun 28 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jun 21 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Ginger | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Nov 8 – Jan 3 | 240–300 |
| Green Beans | — | Mar 8 | — | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Mar 15 | Jul 19 – Sep 27 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Aug 23 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 21 – Jul 26 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jul 12 – Sep 20 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 5 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 19 – May 17 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 21 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Mar 8 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 12 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 19 – May 24 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – May 10 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 31 – Aug 16 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 24 – Jul 5 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – Jun 14 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Mar 8 | — | May 10 – Jun 21 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 21 – Aug 23 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Aug 23 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 17 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – May 31 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 5 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 – Apr 5 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 19 – Jun 14 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – May 3 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – May 31 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – May 31 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 31 – Jul 19 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 10 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Feb 8 | — | May 24 – Jul 5 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Apr 26 – May 24 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 21 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 26 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 17 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 3 – Jun 7 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Feb 8 | — | Mar 8 – Mar 29 | 22–35 |
| Romanesco | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 17 – Jun 28 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Feb 8 | — | May 3 – Jun 7 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Feb 8 | — | May 24 – Jul 5 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 10 – Jul 5 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – May 24 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | May 31 – Jul 19 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 26 – Jun 21 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Mar 8 | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 5 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Apr 26 – Jun 28 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 31 – Jul 26 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Mar 15 | Jul 5 – Aug 30 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 5 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Mar 8 | — | May 10 – Jun 21 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 5 – May 10 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–85 |
| Turmeric | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Nov 8 – Jan 3 | 240–300 |
| Turnip | — | Feb 8 | — | Mar 22 – Apr 26 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Mar 1 | Apr 12 – May 17 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 5 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Mar 8 | — | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 90–120 |
| Yam | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Sep 6 – Jan 3 | 180–330 |
| Yard Long Beans | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 14 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Feb 1 | Mar 1 | Mar 8 | Apr 26 – Jun 21 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Union County
24 fruits that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Union County.
Show all 24 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | Mar 15 | Jun 14 – Sep 27 | 90–180 |
| Blackberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | Mar 15 | May 24 – Jun 28 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Dragon Fruit | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Elderberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | Mar 15 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 65–80 |
| Guava | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Honeydew | — | — | Mar 15 | Jun 7 – Jul 19 | 80–110 |
| Kiwi | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Loquat | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1825 |
| Passion Fruit | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–545 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | Mar 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | Mar 15 | Jun 14 – Jan 10 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Union County
40 herbs that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Union County.
Show all 40 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anise | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | May 24 – Aug 9 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Aug 23 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 19 – Jun 7 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 12 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 26 – Jul 5 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Jun 7 – Aug 9 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | Mar 8 | Jul 12 – Oct 18 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | Apr 26 – Jun 21 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 26 – Jul 5 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Aug 23 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Mar 8 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 19 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Nov 8 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jun 28 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 19 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Verbena | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Lemongrass | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 24 – Aug 23 | 75–120 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 26 – Jun 28 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | Mar 8 | May 31 – Oct 18 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 19 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Mar 8 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jun 28 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Feb 1 | Feb 8 | Feb 22 | Apr 5 – Jun 7 | 40–60 |
| Stevia | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Mar 8 | May 10 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Jan 18 | Mar 8 | Mar 8 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Mar 8 | May 17 – Jul 19 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Mar 8 | Jul 12 – Oct 18 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | Mar 8 | Jun 7 – Aug 23 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Union County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Union County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Union County, FL?
Union County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Union County, FL?
Based on 28 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Union County falls around March 1. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between January 29 and March 26 — a 56-day window of variability. Use March 26 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Union County, FL?
The median first fall frost in Union County arrives around November 27. In cold years it can arrive as early as November 7; in mild years as late as December 20. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Union County?
Union County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 271 days. This long season supports multiple succession plantings and warm-season crops that need extended heat, like sweet potatoes and melons. Climate records show the growing season is trending longer by about 5.39 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Union County for gardening?
Union County has predominantly Sand soil with a pH range of 5.2–6 and Excessively Drained drainage. The native soil conditions make raised beds a particularly good investment here — they let you control drainage and fertility independent of the ground soil.
What is grown commercially in Union County?
Union County has commercial agriculture that includes Citrus, Sugarcane, Tomatoes. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Union County a good location for home gardening?
Union County scores 45/100 (Moderate) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Plan Your Garden with Confidence
Get our free Garden Planner — designed to help Union County gardeners in Zone 9a organize planting dates, track what's growing, and never miss a planting window.
Get Your Free Garden Planner →Free download. Plan your entire garden season in minutes.
