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When to Plant Endive in Jefferson County, FL

Jefferson County, Florida Zone 9a May

May to-do list for Jefferson County, Florida

Here's what deserves your attention in Jefferson County, Florida this month. Everything below is tailored to Zone 9a and timed around your local frost dates.

Avg. last frost March 9
Avg. first frost November 21
Soil temp (4") 73°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure High
Daylight 13.5 hrs
  1. Pick endive

    Don't tug. Use scissors or pruners for clean cuts — torn stems invite disease.

June prep starts now
  • First harvests: endive

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Endive is a leafy green with a slightly bitter flavor, available in curly (frisee) and broad-leaved (escarole) types. It adds texture and complexity to salads.

Jefferson County, Florida is in USDA Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 9 and the first fall frost is November 21, giving you a growing season of approximately 257 days.

At an elevation of 105 feet, Jefferson County receives approximately 56 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly sand soil. Summer highs average 95°F, so Endive may need afternoon shade and extra watering during peak heat. Sandy soil warms quickly in spring — great for early planting — but Endive will need more frequent watering and organic matter to retain nutrients. Ample rainfall means less supplemental watering, but ensure good drainage to prevent Endive root diseases.

Jefferson County, FL (Zone 9a) Long season
257 days
Last Spring Frost March 9
257 growing days
First Fall Frost November 21
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Jefferson County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Sand

Soil pH

5.2-5.9

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (168 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 4 Transplant: Mar 4 🍅 Harvest: Apr 22 – May 27
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (173 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 9 Transplant: Mar 9 🍅 Harvest: Apr 27 – Jun 1
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (176 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 27 Transplant: Mar 27 🍅 Harvest: May 15 – Jun 19

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Jefferson County

How your county's soil matches Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.2–5.9) overlaps with Endive's range (5.5–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

Sandy soil in Jefferson County warms quickly in spring but drains fast. Endive will need more frequent watering and regular compost additions to retain nutrients.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Endive.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is low (1.3%). Add 2-3 inches of compost before planting Endive.

How to Plant Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Endive

6
successive plantings in your 257-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Sep 17 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Sep 26.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Endive

Endive needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 3" 3.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Apr 3" 2.4" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
May 3" 3.8" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 7.8" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3" 8.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3" 7.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3" 6.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 3" 5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 3" 2.5" 0.5" 💧 Light watering
Dec 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Mar–Nov in Jefferson County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Endive needs ~1,169 GDD — county provides 5,461 GDD Excellent fit

Endive Planting Timeline — Jefferson County, FL

Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors February 9 Feb 9 – Feb 23
Transplant Outdoors March 9 Mar 9 – Mar 23
Direct Sow February 16 Feb 16 – Mar 9
Harvest April 27 Apr 27 – Jun 1
Fall Sowing September 26 Sep 26 – Oct 10

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February Start Indoors Direct Sow
March Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
April Harvest
May Harvest
June Harvest
July
August
September Fall Sowing
October Fall Sowing
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 9a

📆 Growing Season

257 days in Jefferson County

Growing Tips for Endive in Jefferson County

Direct sow Endive outdoors after March 09 in Jefferson County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Sandy soil in Jefferson County dries quickly — mulch Endive with 2-3 inches of straw and water deeply 2-3 times per week rather than lightly every day.

Your generous 257.0-day season in Jefferson County allows multiple plantings of Endive. Sow every 22.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly in spring or fall. Blanch heads by tying outer leaves together 2-3 weeks before harvest to reduce bitterness. Keep soil evenly moist.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Endive in Jefferson County, FL?

Jefferson County is in Zone 9a with an average last frost of March 9. Plan your Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Jefferson County, FL?

Jefferson County, Florida is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 9 and first fall frost is November 21.

🌱

Your Jefferson County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Jefferson County (Zone 9a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Jefferson County, FL. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.