Harris County, TX — Planting Guide
Harris County is in USDA Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is February 14 and the first fall frost is December 4, giving you a growing season of approximately 294 days.
At an elevation of 390 ft, Harris County receives approximately 67.7 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 102°F with winter lows around 51°F. The predominant soil type is Sandy Loam.
Based on 30 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 49 days year to year — ranging from January 19 in warm years to March 8 in cold years. The growing season is trending longer by about 2.23 days per decade. Harris County scores 46/100 (Moderate) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
9a (20°F to 25°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
February 14
🍂 First Frost
December 4
📅 Growing Season
294 days
⛰️ Elevation
390 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
67.7 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1.6 in | 3 days | — | None |
| Feb | 2.7 in | 5 days | 1.6 in | High |
| Mar | 3.8 in | 6 days | 0.5 in | Low |
| Apr | 7.4 in | 6 days | — | Low |
| May | 10.1 in | 11 days | — | Low |
| Jun | 10 in | 8 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 9.6 in | 7 days | — | Low |
| Aug | 8.5 in | 7 days | — | Low |
| Sep | 6.3 in | 5 days | — | Low |
| Oct | 3.9 in | 5 days | 0.4 in | Low |
| Nov | 2.2 in | 4 days | 2.1 in | High |
| Dec | 1.6 in | 4 days | — | None |
Annual total: 67.7 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Harris County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH
5.3-6.5
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 30 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Mar 8 | Dec 22 | 289 days |
| Cautious | Mar 2 | Dec 11 | 284 days |
| Average year | Feb 14 | Dec 4 | 293 days |
| Optimistic | Feb 6 | Nov 26 | 293 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Jan 19 | Nov 13 | 298 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±49 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting longer here (about 2.2 days per decade). Spring is arriving earlier than it used to. Good news for gardeners.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Harris County presents some gardening challenges. Choose adapted varieties and plan around frost dates.
Local Gardening Help in Harris County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Harris County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Harris County Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Extension Office
Phone: 979-845-7800
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Harris County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Harris County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Harris County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Harris County TX" or "garden center Harris County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Harris County TX" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Harris County Gardeners" or "Texas Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
13.9 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
10.1 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
9.9 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your shorter days favor short-day onion varieties like Vidalia, Texas 1015, and Red Creole. Plant in fall for best results.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 10.3 hr | 5.5 hr | Short day |
| February | 11 hr | 6.3 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.8 hr | 7.4 hr | Short day |
| April | 12.7 hr | 8.1 hr | Neutral |
| May | 13.5 hr | 8 hr | Neutral |
| June | 13.9 hr | 9.7 hr | Neutral |
| July | 13.7 hr | 9.9 hr | Neutral |
| August | 13.1 hr | 8.7 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 8.3 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11.3 hr | 7.6 hr | Short day |
| November | 10.5 hr | 5.9 hr | Short day |
| December | 10.1 hr | 5.5 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Apr through Nov.
Best Month to Compost
Apr
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
12 months
Nearly year-round composting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 51°F | 58°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Feb | 55°F | 59°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Mar | 58°F | 63°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Apr | 68°F | 67°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| May | 77°F | 76°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jun | 86°F | 83°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 96°F | 89°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 96°F | 92°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 90°F | 89°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 78°F | 82°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Nov | 67°F | 73°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Dec | 56°F | 65°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Harris County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
High — expect multiple pest generations. Preventative measures essential.
Disease Risk
High fungal/bacterial risk. Space plants for airflow, water at soil level.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | High | Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Whiteflies | High | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Spider mites | High | May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Fire ants | High | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Thrips | Moderate | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Leaf miners | Low | Mar, Apr, May, Jun |
Organic pest management tips
- Install physical barriers: floating row covers, copper tape for slugs, mesh netting
- Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) for caterpillar control — safe for beneficial insects
- Use kaolin clay spray to deter a wide range of insects on fruiting crops
- Release beneficial insects: ladybugs for aphids, parasitic wasps for caterpillars
- Apply neem oil weekly during high-pressure months
- Mulch heavily (3-4 inches) to reduce soil-borne disease splash
Cover Crops for Harris County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Spring Cover Crops (4 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Feb 20 | Oct 9 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Cowpeas (southern peas) | Feb 21 | Oct 2 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer for warm climates, edible |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Feb 24 | Oct 9 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Jan 20 | Oct 9 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | Mar 11 | Nov 6 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (4 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Sep 29 | Jan 31 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Oct 7 | Jan 24 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Oct 19 | Jan 24 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Sep 28 | Jan 31 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 15 mph Summer: 12 mph
Fall: 14 mph Winter: 16 mph
Prevailing wind: S. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the S side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
8.6/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (333 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
33,741 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 1,500 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
May, Jun, Jul, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Jan, Nov, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 67.7 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 33,741 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Your area gets ample rainfall — even small barrels make a big difference
- Consider a rain garden to handle overflow during heavy rainfall months
Soil & Growing Conditions in Harris County
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH 5.3–6.5 · Well Drained drainage
Native soil is well-suited to most vegetables and herbs with regular compost additions.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 3.5/10
Low-to-moderate drought stress. Plan to water 1–2 times per week during peak summer. (67.7 in. annual rainfall)
Season Tips
294-day frost-free season
Your long season supports multiple successions and heat-demanding crops like melons, sweet potatoes, and peppers. Plant warm-season crops as soon as soil warms.
Free Garden Planner
Plan your entire garden season — organize planting dates, track what you're growing, and know exactly when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest.
Recommended for Your Garden
Reduce heat stress and sun scorch in hot climates with UV-stabilized shade cloth.
Retain moisture and nutrients in sandy soils with expanded vermiculite.
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Harris County
115 vegetables that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Harris County.
Show all 115 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 16 – Jun 20 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jul 11 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | Feb 28 | Jul 4 – Sep 12 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Jan 24 | — | Mar 21 – Apr 18 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Jun 6 – Aug 1 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jun 6 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Feb 21 | — | May 23 – Jul 11 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – May 2 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 18 – May 30 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – May 2 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 16 – Jul 11 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jun 27 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 16 – Jul 11 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | Feb 28 | Jul 4 – Aug 15 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Jan 24 | — | Mar 28 – May 2 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – Jun 13 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 30 – Jul 4 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 9 – Jul 4 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 18 – May 30 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – May 30 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Jun 27 – Sep 5 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 9 – Jun 20 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 18 – May 30 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – May 9 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 16 – Jun 20 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – Jun 13 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 25 – Jun 20 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 25 – Jun 6 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Feb 28 – Mar 21 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 11 – May 9 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Jan 24 | — | Jun 27 – Aug 29 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Jan 24 | — | Mar 21 – Apr 18 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 16 – Jun 20 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Feb 21 | — | May 9 – Jun 20 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 4 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 4 – May 9 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – May 9 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 2 – Jun 13 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jun 6 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Ginger | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Oct 24 – Dec 19 | 240–300 |
| Green Beans | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Feb 28 | Jul 4 – Sep 12 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Aug 8 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Jun 6 – Jul 11 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Jun 27 – Sep 5 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jun 20 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 4 – May 2 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – Jun 6 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Feb 21 | — | May 23 – Jun 27 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 4 – May 9 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 16 – Aug 1 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 9 – Jun 20 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – May 30 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 25 – Jun 6 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Jun 6 – Aug 8 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Aug 8 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – May 2 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – May 16 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jun 20 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 – Mar 21 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Apr 4 – May 30 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – Apr 18 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – May 16 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – May 16 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 16 – Jul 4 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – Apr 25 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Jan 24 | — | May 9 – Jun 20 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 11 – May 9 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – Jun 6 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 11 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jul 11 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – May 2 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 18 – May 23 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Jan 24 | — | Feb 21 – Mar 14 | 22–35 |
| Romanesco | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 2 – Jun 13 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Jan 24 | — | Apr 18 – May 23 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Jan 24 | — | May 9 – Jun 20 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 25 – Jun 20 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – May 9 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – May 30 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | May 16 – Jul 4 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Apr 11 – Jun 6 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Feb 21 | — | May 16 – Jul 11 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jun 20 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 11 – Jun 13 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 16 – Jul 11 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Feb 28 | Jun 20 – Aug 15 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jun 20 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 25 – Jun 6 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jul 11 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 21 – Apr 25 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–85 |
| Turmeric | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Oct 24 – Dec 19 | 240–300 |
| Turnip | — | Jan 24 | — | Mar 7 – Apr 11 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 14 | Mar 28 – May 2 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jun 20 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Feb 21 | — | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | May 23 – Jul 11 | 90–120 |
| Yam | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Aug 22 – Dec 19 | 180–330 |
| Yard Long Beans | Jan 3 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – May 30 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Jan 17 | Feb 14 | Feb 21 | Apr 11 – Jun 6 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Harris County
24 fruits that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Harris County.
Show all 24 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | Feb 28 | May 30 – Sep 12 | 90–180 |
| Blackberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–730 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | Feb 28 | May 9 – Jun 13 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Dragon Fruit | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–730 |
| Elderberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | Feb 28 | May 9 – Jul 4 | 65–80 |
| Guava | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–730 |
| Honeydew | — | — | Feb 28 | May 23 – Jul 4 | 80–110 |
| Kiwi | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Loquat | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1825 |
| Passion Fruit | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–545 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | Feb 28 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | Feb 28 | May 30 – Dec 26 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Harris County
40 herbs that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Harris County.
Show all 40 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anise | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | May 9 – Jul 25 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 20 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Feb 21 | May 23 – Aug 8 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Apr 4 – May 23 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jun 27 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Apr 11 – Jun 20 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | May 23 – Jul 25 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | Feb 21 | Jun 27 – Oct 3 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 11 – Jun 6 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Apr 11 – Jun 20 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Feb 21 | May 23 – Aug 8 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Feb 21 | May 9 – Jul 4 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 4 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | Feb 21 | May 23 – Oct 24 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jun 13 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 4 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Verbena | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Lemongrass | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | May 9 – Aug 8 | 75–120 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Apr 11 – Jun 13 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | Feb 21 | May 16 – Oct 3 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 4 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Feb 21 | May 9 – Jul 4 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 13 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Jan 17 | Jan 24 | Feb 7 | Mar 21 – May 23 | 40–60 |
| Stevia | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Feb 21 | Apr 25 – Jul 4 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Jan 3 | Feb 21 | Feb 21 | Apr 18 – Jun 20 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Feb 21 | May 2 – Jul 4 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Feb 21 | Jun 27 – Oct 3 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | Feb 21 | May 23 – Aug 8 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Harris County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Harris County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Harris County, TX?
Harris County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Harris County, TX?
Based on 30 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Harris County falls around February 14. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between January 19 and March 8 — a 49-day window of variability. Use March 8 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Harris County, TX?
The median first fall frost in Harris County arrives around December 4. In cold years it can arrive as early as November 13; in mild years as late as December 22. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Harris County?
Harris County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 294 days. This long season supports multiple succession plantings and warm-season crops that need extended heat, like sweet potatoes and melons. Climate records show the growing season is trending longer by about 2.23 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Harris County for gardening?
Harris County has predominantly Sandy Loam soil with a pH range of 5.3–6.5 and Well Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Harris County?
Harris County has commercial agriculture that includes Cotton, Sorghum, Cattle, Hay. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Harris County a good location for home gardening?
Harris County scores 46/100 (Moderate) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Plan Your Garden with Confidence
Get our free Garden Planner — designed to help Harris County gardeners in Zone 9a organize planting dates, track what's growing, and never miss a planting window.
Get Your Free Garden Planner →Free download. Plan your entire garden season in minutes.
