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When to Plant Kohlrabi in Union County, SD

Union County, South Dakota Zone 5a May

What to do in May

A quick May briefing for Union County, South Dakota gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost April 30
Avg. first frost October 5
Soil temp (4") 57°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.5 hrs
Coming up in June — start thinking about
  • Starting indoors: kohlrabi
  • First harvests: kohlrabi

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Kohlrabi is an unusual brassica that forms a swollen stem above ground with a mild, sweet turnip-like flavor. Both the bulb and tender leaves are edible.

Union County, South Dakota is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is April 30 and the first fall frost is October 5, giving you a growing season of approximately 158 days.

At an elevation of 938 feet, Union County receives approximately 22.8 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 86°F, providing good warmth for Kohlrabi during the growing season.

Union County, SD (Zone 5a) Moderate season
158 days
Last Spring Frost April 30
158 growing days
First Fall Frost October 5

Union County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.8-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (76 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 19 Transplant: Apr 23 🍅 Harvest: Jun 11 – Jul 16
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (74 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 26 Transplant: Apr 30 🍅 Harvest: Jun 18 – Jul 23
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (69 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 10 Transplant: May 15 🍅 Harvest: Jul 3 – Aug 7

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Union County

How your county's soil matches Kohlrabi's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.8–7.2) is within Kohlrabi's preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Union County is excellent for Kohlrabi — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.3%). Annual compost additions will help Kohlrabi.

How to Plant Kohlrabi

0.5"
Planting Depth
4"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Kohlrabi

4
successive plantings in your 158-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 01 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 27.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.1″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 158 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Kohlrabi

Kohlrabi needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Kohlrabi Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3" 2.8" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
May 3" 3.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 3.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3" 3.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3" 2.4" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3" 1.9" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Oct 3" 1.5" 1.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Union County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Kohlrabi Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Kohlrabi needs ~798 GDD — county provides 2,291 GDD Excellent fit

Kohlrabi Planting Timeline — Union County, SD

Kohlrabi Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 26 Mar 26 – Apr 9
Transplant Outdoors April 30 Apr 30 – May 14
Direct Sow April 16 Apr 16 – May 7
Harvest June 18 Jun 18 – Jul 23
Fall Sowing July 27 Jul 27 – Aug 10

Plant 0.5" deep · 4" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

158 days in Union County

Growing Tips for Kohlrabi in Union County

Direct sow Kohlrabi outdoors after April 30 in Union County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Kohlrabi in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow in spring or fall. Harvest when bulbs are 2-3 inches in diameter for best texture and flavor. Larger bulbs may become woody and fibrous.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Kohlrabi in Union County, SD?

Union County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of April 30. Plan your Kohlrabi planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Union County, SD?

Union County, South Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is April 30 and first fall frost is October 5.

🌱

Your Union County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Union County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Union County, SD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.