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When to Plant Edamame in Union County, SD

Union County, South Dakota Zone 5a May

This month in Union County, South Dakota

Welcome to May in Zone 5a. These are the moves that will have the biggest impact on your growing season.

Avg. last frost April 30
Avg. first frost October 5
Soil temp (4") 57°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.5 hrs
  1. Direct-sow edamame

    These tolerate cool soil, so you're not gambling by sowing now.

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Edamame are soybeans harvested at the immature green stage for a sweet, nutty snack. They are high in protein and easy to grow in warm climates.

Union County, South Dakota is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is April 30 and the first fall frost is October 5, giving you a growing season of approximately 158 days.

At an elevation of 938 feet, Union County receives approximately 22.8 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 86°F, providing good warmth for Edamame during the growing season.

Union County, SD (Zone 5a) Moderate season
158 days
Last Spring Frost April 30
158 growing days
First Fall Frost October 5
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Union County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.8-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (41 days to spare)
Transplant: Apr 23 🍅 Harvest: Jul 9 – Aug 20
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (39 days to spare)
Transplant: Apr 30 🍅 Harvest: Jul 16 – Aug 27
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (34 days to spare)
Transplant: May 15 🍅 Harvest: Jul 31 – Sep 11

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Union County

How your county's soil matches Edamame's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.8–7.2) overlaps with Edamame's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Union County is excellent for Edamame — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.3%). Annual compost additions will help Edamame.

How to Plant Edamame

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Succession Planting Edamame

2
successive plantings in your 158-day season

Sow every 8.6 weeks. Last sowing by Jun 27 to harvest before frost.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.9″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.4″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 496 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Edamame

Edamame needs approximately 0.9 inches of water per week (3.9" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Edamame Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.9" 2.8" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
May 3.9" 3.2" 0.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 3.9" 3.7" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 3.9" 3.1" 0.8" 💧 Light watering
Aug 3.9" 2.4" 1.5" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3.9" 1.9" 2" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 3.9" 1.5" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Union County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Edamame Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Edamame needs ~1,269 GDD — county provides 2,291 GDD Excellent fit

Edamame Planting Timeline — Union County, SD

Edamame Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Direct Sow May 7 May 7 – May 28
Harvest July 23 Jul 23 – Sep 3

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April
May Direct Sow
June
July Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.9"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

75–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

158 days in Union County

Growing Tips for Edamame in Union County

Direct sow Edamame outdoors after April 30 in Union County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Edamame in this region include bean beetles and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Union County receives only 23" of rain annually. Edamame needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow after soil is warm. Do not over-fertilize with nitrogen. Harvest when pods are plump and bright green but before they start to yellow. Steam or boil pods before eating.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Onion
  • Garlic

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Edamame in Union County, SD?

Union County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of April 30. Plan your Edamame planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Union County, SD?

Union County, South Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is April 30 and first fall frost is October 5.

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Your Union County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Union County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Union County, SD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.