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When to Plant Napa Cabbage in Buffalo County, SD

Buffalo County, South Dakota Zone 4b April

This month in Buffalo County, South Dakota

Your Buffalo County, South Dakota garden is entering a new phase. Here's what's on the schedule for April and why each task matters now.

Avg. last frost May 9
Avg. first frost October 5
Soil temp (4") 40°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 13.2 hrs
Before May arrives, get these ready
  • Transplants going out: napa cabbage
  • Direct-sowing: napa cabbage

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Napa cabbage forms tall, barrel-shaped heads with tender, crinkled leaves and a mild, slightly sweet flavor. It is the primary cabbage used for kimchi.

Buffalo County, South Dakota is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 9 and the first fall frost is October 5, giving you a growing season of approximately 149 days.

At an elevation of 840 feet, Buffalo County receives approximately 23.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 83°F, so choose short-season varieties of Napa Cabbage to ensure they mature before fall.

Buffalo County, SD (Zone 4b) Short season
149 days
Last Spring Frost May 9
149 growing days
First Fall Frost October 5

Buffalo County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.5-7.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (61 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 20 Transplant: May 1 🍅 Harvest: Jun 26 – Jul 31
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (58 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 28 Transplant: May 9 🍅 Harvest: Jul 4 – Aug 8
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (57 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 8 Transplant: May 20 🍅 Harvest: Jul 15 – Aug 19

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Buffalo County

How your county's soil matches Napa Cabbage's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.5–7.8) overlaps with Napa Cabbage's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Buffalo County is excellent for Napa Cabbage — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Napa Cabbage is a heavy drinker but your soil drains very quickly. Mulch heavily and consider drip irrigation.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.5%). Annual compost additions will help Napa Cabbage.

How to Plant Napa Cabbage

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Napa Cabbage

3
successive plantings in your 149-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 22 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 13.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.5″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
1.3″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 1,700 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Napa Cabbage

Napa Cabbage needs approximately 1.5 inches of water per week (6.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Napa Cabbage Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 6.5" 3.2" 3.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 6.5" 4.3" 2.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 6.5" 3.4" 3.1" 💧 Light watering
Aug 6.5" 2.6" 3.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 6.5" 2.1" 4.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 6.5" 1.6" 4.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Oct in Buffalo County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Napa Cabbage Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Napa Cabbage needs ~796 GDD — county provides 1,825 GDD Excellent fit

Napa Cabbage Planting Timeline — Buffalo County, SD

Napa Cabbage Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 28 Mar 28 – Apr 11
Transplant Outdoors May 9 May 9 – May 23
Direct Sow May 2 May 2 – May 23
Harvest July 4 Jul 4 – Aug 8
Fall Sowing July 13 Jul 13 – Jul 27

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1.5"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

55–75 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

149 days in Buffalo County

Growing Tips for Napa Cabbage in Buffalo County

Direct sow Napa Cabbage outdoors after May 09 in Buffalo County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Napa Cabbage in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Buffalo County receives only 24" of rain annually. Napa Cabbage needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Best grown as a fall crop. Direct sow in late summer, 60-70 days before first frost. Keep soil evenly moist. Bolt-resistant varieties are available for spring planting.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Napa Cabbage in Buffalo County, SD?

Buffalo County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 9. Plan your Napa Cabbage planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Buffalo County, SD?

Buffalo County, South Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 9 and first fall frost is October 5.

🌱

Your Buffalo County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Buffalo County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Buffalo County, SD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: April 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.