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When to Plant Chard in Cortland County, NY

Cortland County, New York Zone 5a April

This month in Cortland County, New York

We've pulled the most time-sensitive tasks for Cortland County, New York this April and put them front and centre. Tackle them in order.

Avg. last frost May 11
Avg. first frost October 11
Soil temp (4") 44°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 13.2 hrs
  1. Direct-sow chard

    These tolerate cool soil, so you're not gambling by sowing now.

May will be here before you know it — start on
  • Transplants going out: chard

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Swiss chard is a colorful, heat-tolerant green with large crinkled leaves and vibrant stalks in red, yellow, and white. Both the leaves and stems are edible and nutritious.

Cortland County, New York is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 11 and the first fall frost is October 11, giving you a growing season of approximately 153 days.

At an elevation of 729 feet, Cortland County receives approximately 44.4 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 87°F, providing good warmth for Chard during the growing season.

Cortland County, NY (Zone 5a) Moderate season
153 days
Last Spring Frost May 11
153 growing days
First Fall Frost October 11
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Cortland County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5-6.5

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (49 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 30 Transplant: May 4 🍅 Harvest: Jun 29 – Aug 17
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (48 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 6 Transplant: May 11 🍅 Harvest: Jul 6 – Aug 24
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (51 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 20 Transplant: May 25 🍅 Harvest: Jul 20 – Sep 7

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Cortland County

How your county's soil matches Chard's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.0–6.5) is more acidic than Chard prefers (6.0–7.0). Add garden lime to raise pH.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Cortland County is excellent for Chard — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.4%). Annual compost additions will help Chard.

How to Plant Chard

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Chard

3
successive plantings in your 153-day season

Sow every 5.7 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 12 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 02.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.8″/week
Rainfall provides
1.2″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Chard

Chard needs approximately 0.8 inches of water per week (3.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Chard Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 3.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3.5" 4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3.5" 4.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3.5" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3.5" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3.5" 3.3" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Oct 3.5" 3.3" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Nov 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 3.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Oct in Cortland County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Chard Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Chard needs ~839 GDD — county provides 2,333 GDD Excellent fit

Chard Planting Timeline — Cortland County, NY

Chard Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 6 Apr 6 – Apr 20
Transplant Outdoors May 11 May 11 – May 25
Direct Sow April 27 Apr 27 – May 18
Harvest July 6 Jul 6 – Aug 24
Fall Sowing August 2 Aug 2 – Aug 16

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing Harvest
September
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.8"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

50–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_acidic

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

153 days in Cortland County

Growing Tips for Chard in Cortland County

Direct sow Chard outdoors after May 11 in Cortland County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

General growing tips

Direct sow or transplant after last frost. Harvest outer leaves regularly to encourage continuous production. Chard tolerates both heat and light frost.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Corn
  • Cucumbers

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Chard in Cortland County, NY?

Cortland County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of May 11. Plan your Chard planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Cortland County, NY?

Cortland County, New York is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 11 and first fall frost is October 11.

🌱

Your Cortland County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Cortland County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Cortland County, NY. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: April 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.