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When to Plant Lettuce in Stillwater County, MT

Stillwater County, Montana Zone 5a May

May in Stillwater County, Montana — your action list

Your garden in Stillwater County, Montana is working on a schedule, even when you're not. Here's where you should be this May.

Avg. last frost May 22
Avg. first frost September 22
Soil temp (4") 36°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.7 hrs
  1. Move lettuce into the garden

    Harden off for 7 days — a little more sun each day — before planting. That's the difference between a seedling that thrives and one that stalls.

  2. Scatter lettuce into prepared beds

    Sow every 2 weeks for a continuous harvest. A single big planting means a single big glut.

June prep starts now
  • Starting indoors: lettuce
  • First harvests: lettuce

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Lettuce is a fast-growing cool-season green available in leaf, romaine, butterhead, and crisphead types. It is the foundation of salads and one of the easiest crops to grow.

Stillwater County, Montana is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 22 and the first fall frost is September 22, giving you a growing season of approximately 123 days.

At an elevation of 6,319 feet, Stillwater County receives approximately 16.6 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 83°F, so choose short-season varieties of Lettuce to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Lettuce successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Stillwater County, MT (Zone 5a) Short season
123 days
Last Spring Frost May 22
123 growing days
First Fall Frost September 22
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Stillwater County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.3-7.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (24 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 7 Transplant: May 12 🍅 Harvest: Jun 16 – Aug 25
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (18 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 17 Transplant: May 22 🍅 Harvest: Jun 26 – Sep 4
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (18 days to spare)
Start indoors: May 6 Transplant: Jun 10 🍅 Harvest: Jul 15 – Sep 23

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Stillwater County

How your county's soil matches Lettuce's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.3–7.8) is more alkaline than Lettuce prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Stillwater County is excellent for Lettuce — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.7%). Annual compost additions will help Lettuce.

How to Plant Lettuce

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Lettuce

4
successive plantings in your 123-day season

Sow every 3.4 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 24 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 14.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.2″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 175 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Lettuce

Lettuce needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Lettuce Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3" 2" 1" 💧 Light watering
Jun 3" 1.1" 1.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3" 1.4" 1.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 3" 1.7" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3" 1.4" 1.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Stillwater County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Lettuce Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Lettuce needs ~551 GDD — county provides 1,506 GDD Excellent fit

Lettuce Planting Timeline — Stillwater County, MT

Lettuce Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 17 Apr 17 – May 1
Transplant Outdoors May 22 May 22 – Jun 5
Direct Sow May 8 May 8 – May 29
Harvest June 26 Jun 26 – Sep 4
Fall Sowing July 14 Jul 14 – Jul 28

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Harvest
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

30–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

123 days in Stillwater County

Growing Tips for Lettuce in Stillwater County

Direct sow Lettuce outdoors after May 22 in Stillwater County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Lettuce in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly every 2 weeks for continuous harvest. Provide afternoon shade in warm weather to delay bolting. Harvest in the morning for crispest leaves.

Recommended Lettuce Varieties for Stillwater County

Fast-maturing leaf and butterhead types

Salad Bowl (40d) Black Seeded Simpson (45d) Buttercrunch (50d)

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Celery

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Lettuce Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Let plants bolt and flower. Harvest seed heads when fluffy.
Storage Store airtight; viable 6 years at 35°F, under 45% humidity.

Very easy to save. Let a few plants bolt each season.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Lettuce in Stillwater County, MT?

Stillwater County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of May 22. Plan your Lettuce planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Stillwater County, MT?

Stillwater County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 22 and first fall frost is September 22.

🌱

Your Stillwater County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Stillwater County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Stillwater County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.