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When to Plant Christmas Lima Beans in Madison County, MT

Madison County, Montana Zone 5a May

What to do in May

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Madison County, Montana.

Avg. last frost June 11
Avg. first frost September 13
Soil temp (4") 35°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.7 hrs
Before June arrives, get these ready
  • Transplants going out: christmas lima beans
  • Direct-sowing: christmas lima beans

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Christmas lima beans are a large, beautifully marbled heirloom bean with a rich, chestnut-like flavor. They are a climbing variety that produces generously in warm weather.

Madison County, Montana is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is June 11 and the first fall frost is September 13, giving you a growing season of approximately 94 days.

At an elevation of 6,394 feet, Madison County receives approximately 20.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Christmas Lima Beans to ensure they mature before fall.

Madison County, MT (Zone 5a) Very short season
94 days
Last Spring Frost June 11
94 growing days
First Fall Frost September 13
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Madison County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.6-8.1

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 8 Transplant: Jun 17 🍅 Harvest: Sep 9 – Oct 14
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 16 Transplant: Jun 25 🍅 Harvest: Sep 17 – Oct 22
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 27 Transplant: Jul 6 🍅 Harvest: Sep 28 – Nov 2

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Madison County

How your county's soil matches Christmas Lima Beans's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.6–8.1) is more alkaline than Christmas Lima Beans prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Madison County is excellent for Christmas Lima Beans — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Christmas Lima Beans.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.5%). Annual compost additions will help Christmas Lima Beans.

How to Plant Christmas Lima Beans

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
You supply
0.5″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 377 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Christmas Lima Beans

Christmas Lima Beans needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Christmas Lima Beans Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Jun 4.3" 1.4" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 1.7" 2.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 2.2" 2.1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 1.8" 2.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Jun–Sep in Madison County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Christmas Lima Beans Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Christmas Lima Beans needs ~900 GDD — county provides 940 GDD Good fit

Christmas Lima Beans Planting Timeline — Madison County, MT

Christmas Lima Beans Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 16 Apr 16 – Apr 30
Transplant Outdoors June 25 Jun 25 – Jul 9
Direct Sow June 18 Jun 18 – Jul 9
Harvest September 17 Sep 17 – Oct 22

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
August
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

80–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

94 days in Madison County

Growing Tips for Christmas Lima Beans in Madison County

Direct sow Christmas Lima Beans outdoors after June 11 in Madison County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 94.0-day growing season in Madison County is tight for Christmas Lima Beans (80.0-100.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Christmas Lima Beans in this region include bean beetles and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Madison County receives only 21" of rain annually. Christmas Lima Beans needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow after soil is warm. Provide tall trellising for vigorous vines. Harvest for fresh shelling when pods are plump or allow to dry on the vine for storage.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Onion
  • Garlic

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Christmas Lima Beans in Madison County, MT?

Madison County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of June 11. Plan your Christmas Lima Beans planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Madison County, MT?

Madison County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is June 11 and first fall frost is September 13.

🌱

Your Madison County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Madison County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Madison County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.