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When to Plant Caraway in Smith County, KS

Smith County, Kansas Zone 6a May

What to do in May

A quick May briefing for Smith County, Kansas gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost April 23
Avg. first frost October 14
Soil temp (4") 58°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.2 hrs
  1. Start caraway under lights

    Bottom-water once the first true leaves appear — it keeps stems dry and knocks back damping-off.

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Caraway is a biennial herb grown for its distinctive crescent-shaped seeds used in rye bread, sauerkraut, and European cuisine. The leaves and roots are also edible.

Smith County, Kansas is in USDA Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 23 and the first fall frost is October 14, giving you a growing season of approximately 174 days.

At an elevation of 1,048 feet, Smith County receives approximately 26.2 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Caraway to ensure they mature before fall.

Smith County, KS (Zone 6a) Moderate season
174 days
Last Spring Frost April 23
174 growing days
First Fall Frost October 14
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Smith County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.5-7.3

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season
Start indoors: Mar 13 Transplant: Apr 10
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season
Start indoors: Mar 19 Transplant: Apr 16
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season
Start indoors: Apr 5 Transplant: May 3

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Smith County

How your county's soil matches Caraway's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.5–7.3) is within Caraway's preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Smith County is excellent for Caraway — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Caraway.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.4%). Annual compost additions will help Caraway.

How to Plant Caraway

0.5"
Planting Depth
8"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.8″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 1,241 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Caraway

Caraway needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Caraway Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
May 4.3" 3.7" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 4.1" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 3" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 3.4" 0.9" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 2.3" 2" 💧 Light watering
Oct 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Smith County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Caraway Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Caraway needs ~5,298 GDD — county provides 2,262 GDD May not mature

Caraway Planting Timeline — Smith County, KS

Caraway Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 19 Mar 19 – Apr 2
Transplant Outdoors April 16 Apr 16 – Apr 30
Direct Sow April 9 Apr 9 – Apr 30
Fall Sowing August 5 Aug 5 – Aug 19

Plant 0.5" deep · 8" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May
June
July
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

365–450 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 6a

📆 Growing Season

174 days in Smith County

Growing Tips for Caraway in Smith County

Direct sow Caraway outdoors after April 23 in Smith County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 174.0-day growing season in Smith County is tight for Caraway (365.0-450.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Caraway in this region include carrot rust fly and parsleyworm. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow in spring or fall. Caraway produces seeds in its second year. Harvest seed heads when they turn brown. The young leaves can be used like parsley.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Caraway in Smith County, KS?

Smith County is in Zone 6a with an average last frost of April 23. Plan your Caraway planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Smith County, KS?

Smith County, Kansas is in USDA Hardiness Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 23 and first fall frost is October 14.

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Your Smith County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Smith County (Zone 6a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Smith County, KS. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.