Champaign County, IL — Planting Guide
Your June planting checklist for Champaign County, Illinois
June rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Champaign County, Illinois.
-
Indoor seed-starting week for basil, peppers, and pole beans
Your window is short. These crops want several weeks of indoor growth before they go outside.
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Collect basil, carrots, and cucumber at their peak
Taste as you pick. The first ripe produce is the best feedback loop you'll get all season.
Looking ahead to July
- First harvests: basil, carrots, and cucumber
Champaign County is in USDA Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 14 and the first fall frost is October 19, giving you a growing season of approximately 188 days.
At an elevation of 1,215 ft, Champaign County receives approximately 38.9 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 87°F with winter lows around 15°F. The predominant soil type is Silt Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 20 days year to year — ranging from April 3 in warm years to April 24 in cold years. The growing season is trending shorter by about 4.21 days per decade. Champaign County scores 64/100 (Good) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
6a (-10°F to -5°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
April 14
🍂 First Frost
October 19
📅 Growing Season
188 days
⛰️ Elevation
1,215 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
38.9 in
Monthly Watering Calendar for Champaign County
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
Quick context: Watering by the calendar wastes water. Watering by the soil moisture (or by a free rain gauge) cuts your water use 30%+ and produces healthier roots. Champaign County's 39" annual baseline is the starting point.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1.6 in | 7 days | — | None |
| Feb | 1.8 in | 6 days | — | None |
| Mar | 2.5 in | 10 days | — | None |
| Apr | 3.6 in | 8 days | 0.7 in | Moderate |
| May | 4.6 in | 10 days | — | Low |
| Jun | 4.5 in | 10 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 4.4 in | 8 days | — | Low |
| Aug | 3.9 in | 8 days | 0.4 in | Low |
| Sep | 4 in | 8 days | 0.3 in | Low |
| Oct | 3.1 in | 8 days | 1.2 in | Moderate |
| Nov | 2.7 in | 7 days | — | None |
| Dec | 2.4 in | 7 days | — | None |
Annual total: 39.1 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Champaign County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Silt Loam
Soil pH
5.9-6.8
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Apr 24 | Nov 1 | 191 days |
| Cautious | Apr 18 | Oct 27 | 192 days |
| Average year | Apr 14 | Oct 19 | 188 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 8 | Oct 14 | 189 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Apr 3 | Oct 7 | 187 days |
Moderately predictable (±20 day range). The "Cautious" dates in the table below are a safe bet.
Yes — growing seasons are getting shorter here (about 4.2 days per decade). Use the "Conservative" dates and choose fast-maturing varieties.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Champaign County offers good growing conditions. A little planning around frost dates goes a long way.
Local Gardening Help in Champaign County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Champaign County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Champaign County University of Illinois Extension Extension Office
Phone: 217-333-7672
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Champaign County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Champaign County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Champaign County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Champaign County IL" or "garden center Champaign County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Champaign County IL" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Champaign County Gardeners" or "Illinois Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length in Champaign County
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
The practical takeaway: Day length is the trigger that tells lettuce, spinach, and cilantro to bolt. In Champaign County, knowing when that day-length threshold arrives helps you plant a final round in time to harvest before it bolts.
Longest Day
14.8 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.2 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
9.5 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.4 hr | 3.7 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.5 hr | 4.5 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 5.6 hr | Short day |
| April | 13.1 hr | 6.6 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.2 hr | 8 hr | Long day |
| June | 14.8 hr | 9.5 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.6 hr | 9.2 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.6 hr | 8.1 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 7 hr | Neutral |
| October | 10.9 hr | 5.6 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.7 hr | 3.8 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.2 hr | 3.6 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting in Champaign County
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
What this means for you: Soil temperature predicts plant emergence better than calendar dates. Champaign County's spring soil warm-up curve tells you which weeks are safe for direct-sow beans, cucumbers, squash, and corn.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jun through Sep.
Best Month to Compost
Jun
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
6 months
Solid season. Piles go dormant in winter.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 22°F | 30°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 23°F | 29°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 30°F | 36°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 44°F | 43°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| May | 58°F | 54°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jun | 68°F | 64°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 76°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 77°F | 72°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 72°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 57°F | 60°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Nov | 42°F | 47°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Dec | 30°F | 37°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Champaign County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
What this means for you: Warm humid regions cycle through pest generations 3-5x faster than cold dry regions. Champaign County's pest score is your early-warning system: high score means commit to disease-resistant varieties and accept some crop loss to bugs.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Moderate — watch for mildew and blight during wet periods.
Seasonal Risk
View 5 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash bugs | Low | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Tomato hornworms | Moderate | Jul, Aug |
| Cabbage loopers | Low | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
Organic pest management tips
- Use row covers on susceptible crops during peak pest months
- Apply neem oil preventatively every 7-14 days during active pest season
- Interplant with strong-scented herbs (basil, marigold) to confuse pests
- Hand-pick larger pests (beetles, caterpillars) in early morning when they're sluggish
- Practice crop rotation — never plant the same family in the same spot within 3 years
Cover Crops for Champaign County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with planting dates calibrated for your area.
For new gardeners: Cover crops do four things at once: fix nitrogen (legumes), suppress weeds (any), prevent erosion, and add organic matter when chopped down. Champaign County's seasonal pattern determines which species fit which gap.
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Apr 25 | Aug 10 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Apr 22 | Aug 17 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Mar 16 | Aug 17 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 1 | Sep 21 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (6 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 23 | Mar 31 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Daikon radish | Aug 30 | Mar 24 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Aug 5 | Mar 24 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Sep 13 | Mar 31 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 12 | Mar 31 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 28 | Mar 31 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate in Champaign County
For new gardeners: Wind dries soil, knocks over young transplants, and disrupts pollination for bees and butterflies. Champaign County averages 8.4 mph — above 10 mph means windbreaks (shrubs, fences, taller crops to windward), staked tomatoes from day one, and an extra round of watering during dry windy spells. Lower wind = lower water bills and fewer broken stems.
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 11 mph Summer: 8 mph
Fall: 10 mph Winter: 11 mph
Prevailing wind: SW. Moderate wind — consider a temporary windbreak for young seedlings.
Windbreak Benefit
4.7/10
Moderately beneficial — a simple fence or trellis can protect delicate crops from wind stress.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (276 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting in Champaign County
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
What this means for you: Building a rainwater system is mostly about doing the math: roof area × annual rainfall × 0.6 = gallons you could realistically capture. For Champaign County, that's your 39" times your roof.
Annual Collection
19,487 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 1,500 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
May, Jun, Jul, Sep
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Jan, Feb, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 39.1 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 19,487 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Stock up on stored water before your dry season (Jan, Feb, Dec)
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
Soil & Growing Conditions in Champaign County
Soil Type
Silt Loam
Soil pH 5.9–6.8 · Well Drained drainage
Native soil is well-suited to most vegetables and herbs with regular compost additions.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 3.5/10
Low-to-moderate drought stress. Plan to water 1–2 times per week during peak summer. (38.9 in. annual rainfall)
Season Tips
188-day frost-free season
Plenty of time for warm-season crops. Start heat-lovers indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost to maximise your harvest window.
Your Free Printable Garden Planner
Plan every bed, every planting, every harvest — in one place. This 22-page printable includes your zone's planting calendar, a month-by-month task list, a seed inventory tracker, a harvest log, and succession-planting charts. Built to print, write in, and actually use all season.
Recommended for Your Garden
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
Boost soil fertility and structure with rich, well-aged organic compost.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Champaign County
107 vegetables that grow well in Zone 6a with planting dates for Champaign County.
Show all 107 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Aug 25 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 15 | 90–120 |
| Arugula | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Apr 28 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 23 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Aug 4 – Sep 29 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jul 21 – Sep 8 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 16 – Jul 28 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Sep 15 | 80–120 |
| Carrots | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 11 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 7 – Sep 1 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 16 – Jul 28 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Jul 28 | 50–60 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 16 – Jul 28 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Jul 7 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Aug 25 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 11 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Apr 28 – May 19 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Sep 1 – Oct 13 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 23 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Aug 25 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 3 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Jul 7 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Dec 7 – Mar 22 | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Sep 1 – Nov 10 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 3 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Aug 11 – Sep 15 | 100–120 |
| Kabocha | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Aug 25 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jun 30 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 4 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jul 21 – Aug 25 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jun 23 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Sep 29 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 28 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Aug 11 – Oct 13 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Oct 13 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 40–60 |
| Melon | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Aug 25 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Apr 21 – May 19 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jul 28 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jun 16 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Jul 14 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 21 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Sep 1 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 23 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Aug 25 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 4 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 3 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 15 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 16 – Jul 21 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Apr 28 – May 19 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Aug 25 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Jul 7 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 4 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jul 14 – Sep 1 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Feb 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 4 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Aug 25 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Aug 18 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Sep 15 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Aug 18 – Oct 13 | 110–150 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 15 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jun 23 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Mar 31 | — | Aug 10 | May 12 – Jun 16 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 14 | Aug 10 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Aug 25 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Apr 21 | — | — | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 15 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Champaign County
27 fruits that grow well in Zone 6a with planting dates for Champaign County.
Show all 27 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Nov 17 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Aug 18 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 8 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Quince | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Nov 17 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Champaign County
35 herbs that grow well in Zone 6a with planting dates for Champaign County.
Show all 35 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jul 7 – Sep 22 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Feb 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 25 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 21 – Oct 6 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jun 2 – Jul 21 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 25 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 18 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jul 21 – Sep 22 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 40–60 |
| Epazote | Feb 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 18 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 21 – Oct 6 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 1 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 11 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | Jun 9 – Aug 11 | 60–80 |
| Rue | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 1 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 7 | Aug 10 | May 19 – Jul 21 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Feb 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 25 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Apr 21 | — | Aug 25 – Nov 3 | 120–180 |
🌸 Flowers to Grow in Champaign County
53 flowers that grow well in Zone 6a with planting dates for Champaign County.
Show all 53 flowers with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Bloom | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ageratum | Feb 24 | Apr 14 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 9 – Sep 15 | 60–75 |
| Alliums | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Oct 5 – Nov 2 | 28–42 |
| Anemones | Mar 17 | — | Apr 14 | — | May 19 – Jun 16 | 90–120 |
| Astilbe | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 70–100 |
| Bachelor's Button | Mar 3 | Mar 17 | Apr 14 | Sep 7 | Jun 16 – Sep 1 | 60–90 |
| Begonias | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 29 | 70–90 |
| Black-eyed Susan | Feb 10 | Apr 14 | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 20 | 60–80 |
| Bleeding Hearts | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 21 | 60–90 |
| Calendula | Mar 3 | Mar 17 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 2 – Sep 1 | 50–70 |
| California Poppy | — | Mar 17 | — | — | May 26 – Jul 7 | 60–90 |
| Celosia | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Oct 6 | 60–90 |
| Columbine | Feb 10 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 70–100 |
| Coreopsis | Feb 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 20 | 60–80 |
| Cosmos | Mar 17 | Apr 14 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 29 | 60–90 |
| Crocus | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Jul 27 – Aug 17 | 10–20 |
| Daffodils | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Aug 3 – Aug 24 | 20–40 |
| Dahlias | Mar 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 20 | 70–120 |
| Daylily | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 20 | 60–90 |
| Dianthus | Feb 17 | Mar 17 | Mar 31 | — | May 19 – Aug 18 | 60–80 |
| Echinacea (Purple Coneflower) | Feb 10 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Oct 27 | 70–90 |
| Foxglove | Feb 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 21 | 80–120 |
| Gaillardia (Blanket Flower) | Feb 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Nov 3 | 70–100 |
| Geraniums | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 29 | 70–100 |
| Gladiolus | — | Apr 14 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 13 | 70–100 |
| Hostas | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 20 | 60–90 |
| Hyacinths | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Aug 24 – Sep 14 | 14–28 |
| Hydrangeas | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 90–150 |
| Impatiens | Feb 17 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 60–75 |
| Irises | — | Division | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 60–100 |
| Larkspur | — | Mar 17 | — | — | May 26 – Jul 21 | 60–90 |
| Lavender | Feb 3 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 1 | 90–120 |
| Lilies | — | Division | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 70–120 |
| Lobelia | Feb 10 | — | Mar 31 | — | May 26 – Aug 18 | 70–80 |
| Lupine | Feb 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Jul 21 | 75–100 |
| Marigolds | Mar 3 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Sep 15 | 50–70 |
| Nasturtium | Mar 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Oct 6 | 55–65 |
| Pansy | Feb 3 | — | Apr 14 | Aug 24 | Jun 9 – Aug 11 | 70–90 |
| Peonies | — | Division | Apr 21 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 90–120 |
| Petunia | Feb 17 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 70–90 |
| Phlox | Feb 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 22 | 80–110 |
| Portulaca | Mar 10 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 9 – Sep 22 | 50–70 |
| Ranunculus | Mar 3 | — | Apr 14 | — | May 26 – Jun 23 | 90–120 |
| Roses | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 20 | 90–180 |
| Salvia | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 70–90 |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Aug 11 – Oct 27 | 60–90 |
| Snapdragon | Feb 3 | Mar 24 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 1 | 70–100 |
| Sunflower | Mar 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 6 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Alyssum | Feb 24 | Mar 24 | Apr 14 | — | May 26 – Aug 4 | 45–60 |
| Sweet Pea | Mar 3 | Mar 10 | Apr 14 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 65–85 |
| Tulips | — | — | — | Sep 7 | Aug 17 – Sep 14 | 15–30 |
| Vinca (Annual) | Feb 3 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 70–90 |
| Yarrow | Feb 10 | Apr 14 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 20 | 60–90 |
| Zinnia | Mar 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 60–70 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Champaign County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Champaign County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Champaign County, IL?
Champaign County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 6a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Champaign County, IL?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Champaign County falls around April 14. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between April 3 and April 24 — a 20-day window of variability. Use April 24 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Champaign County, IL?
The median first fall frost in Champaign County arrives around October 19. In cold years it can arrive as early as October 7; in mild years as late as November 1. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Champaign County?
Champaign County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 188 days. This is enough time for most warm-season crops including tomatoes, peppers, and squash with proper timing. Climate records show the growing season is trending shorter by about 4.21 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Champaign County for gardening?
Champaign County has predominantly Silt Loam soil with a pH range of 5.9–6.8 and Well Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Champaign County?
Champaign County has commercial agriculture that includes Corn, Soybeans, Hay, Wheat, Oats. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Champaign County a good location for home gardening?
Champaign County scores 64/100 (Good) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Conditions here are moderate — most common crops grow well with standard timing and care.
Your Champaign County Garden Planner — Free
A 22-page printable planner built for Champaign County (Zone 6a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log