Canyon County, ID — Planting Guide
Canyon County is in USDA Zone 6b. The average last spring frost is May 4 and the first fall frost is October 10, giving you a growing season of approximately 159 days.
At an elevation of 4,953 ft, Canyon County receives approximately 13.3 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 87°F with winter lows around 22°F. The predominant soil type is Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 55 days year to year — ranging from April 12 in warm years to June 6 in cold years. The growing season is trending longer by about 6.31 days per decade. Canyon County scores 32/100 (Challenging) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
6b (-5°F to 0°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
May 4
🍂 First Frost
October 10
📅 Growing Season
159 days
⛰️ Elevation
4,953 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
13.3 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0.8 in | 7 days | — | None |
| Feb | 0.7 in | 6 days | — | None |
| Mar | 1.3 in | 7 days | 3 in | High |
| Apr | 1.6 in | 8 days | 2.7 in | High |
| May | 1.4 in | 7 days | 2.9 in | High |
| Jun | 1.1 in | 5 days | 3.2 in | Critical |
| Jul | 1 in | 5 days | 3.3 in | Critical |
| Aug | 1.6 in | 6 days | 2.7 in | High |
| Sep | 1 in | 6 days | 3.3 in | Critical |
| Oct | 1.1 in | 6 days | 3.2 in | Critical |
| Nov | 1 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Dec | 0.7 in | 6 days | — | None |
Annual total: 13.3 in. Gardens typically need ~1 inch of water per week during the growing season. Months marked "None" for extra water are outside the active growing season for your zone — most gardens are dormant and don't need irrigation during those months.
Canyon County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH
6.2-8.2
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Jun 6 | Oct 26 | 142 days |
| Cautious | May 12 | Oct 17 | 158 days |
| Average year | May 4 | Oct 10 | 159 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 20 | Oct 3 | 166 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Apr 12 | Sep 13 | 154 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±55 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting longer here (about 6.3 days per decade). Spring is arriving earlier than it used to. Good news for gardeners.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Canyon County has challenging growing conditions. Season extension and careful variety selection are essential.
Local Gardening Help in Canyon County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Canyon County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Canyon County University of Idaho Extension Extension Office
Phone: 208-885-6681
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Canyon County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Canyon County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Canyon County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Canyon County ID" or "garden center Canyon County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Canyon County ID" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Canyon County Gardeners" or "Idaho Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
15.2 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
8.8 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
10.9 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.1 hr | 4.8 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.3 hr | 6.1 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.6 hr | 6.6 hr | Short day |
| April | 13.2 hr | 7.7 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.5 hr | 9.2 hr | Long day |
| June | 15.2 hr | 10.9 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.9 hr | 10.8 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.8 hr | 9.5 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.3 hr | 8.2 hr | Neutral |
| October | 10.8 hr | 6.8 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.4 hr | 5.7 hr | Short day |
| December | 8.8 hr | 4.9 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jun through Aug.
Best Month to Compost
Jul
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
4 months
Short season — insulate pile or use indoor vermicomposting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15°F | 25°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 16°F | 24°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 26°F | 28°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 38°F | 37°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| May | 47°F | 45°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Jun | 61°F | 55°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jul | 65°F | 60°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 70°F | 62°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 60°F | 61°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Oct | 48°F | 53°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Nov | 36°F | 39°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Dec | 22°F | 30°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Canyon County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Low disease risk — dry conditions reduce fungal problems.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Japanese beetles | High | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash vine borers | Moderate | Jun, Jul |
| Tomato hornworms | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Cucumber beetles | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul |
| Stink bugs | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
Organic pest management tips
- Maintain healthy soil with regular compost additions to build natural pest resistance
- Practice crop rotation annually to break pest cycles
- Encourage beneficial insects with flowering herbs like dill, fennel, and yarrow
Cover Crops for Canyon County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Fall Cover Crops (7 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 7 | Apr 13 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Jul 29 | Apr 13 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Aug 18 | Apr 13 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Jul 25 | Apr 20 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Aug 26 | Apr 13 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 1 | Apr 13 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 19 | Apr 20 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | May 11 | Aug 8 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | May 7 | Aug 15 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Apr 4 | Aug 15 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 24 | Sep 19 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 14 mph Summer: 11 mph
Fall: 11 mph Winter: 15 mph
Prevailing wind: W. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the W side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
7.2/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
High
Hilly terrain with 1,840 ft of elevation range — cold air pools in low spots. Avoid planting frost-sensitive crops in valleys.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
6,628 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
8 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 2,000 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Mar, Apr, May, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Jan, Feb, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 13.3 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 6,628 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- In your dry climate, every drop counts — consider a larger cistern system
- Position collection tanks in shade to reduce evaporation and algae growth
Soil & Growing Conditions in Canyon County
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH 6.2–8.2 · Moderately Well Drained drainage
Good candidate for raised beds to maximise drainage and extend the season.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 5.5/10
Moderate drought pressure. Drip irrigation and mulching are highly recommended to maintain soil moisture through summer.
Season Tips
159-day frost-free season
Start warm-season crops indoors and focus on short-season varieties. Cold frames extend your season by 3–4 weeks in fall.
Free Garden Planner
Plan your entire garden season — organize planting dates, track what you're growing, and know exactly when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest.
Recommended for Your Garden
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
Boost soil fertility and structure with rich, well-aged organic compost.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Canyon County
108 vegetables that grow well in Zone 6b with planting dates for Canyon County.
Show all 108 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 10 – Sep 14 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Oct 5 | 90–120 |
| Arugula | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | May 18 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Apr 20 | — | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 24 – Oct 19 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | May 11 | — | Aug 10 – Sep 28 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Sep 21 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 80–120 |
| Carrots | — | Apr 20 | — | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 17 – Sep 21 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 17 | 50–60 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Sep 7 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Jul 27 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 10 – Sep 14 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | May 11 | — | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | May 11 | — | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | May 18 – Jun 8 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 6 – Aug 3 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Apr 20 | — | Sep 21 – Nov 2 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Apr 20 | — | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 10 – Sep 14 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | May 11 | — | Jul 27 – Sep 7 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 23 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Sep 28 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Jul 27 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | May 11 | — | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | May 18 | Sep 21 – Nov 30 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 23 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Nov 2 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 31 – Oct 5 | 100–120 |
| Kabocha | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Sep 14 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Jul 20 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | May 11 | — | Aug 10 – Sep 14 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Oct 19 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Sep 7 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Aug 17 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | May 11 | — | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 31 – Nov 2 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Nov 2 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 40–60 |
| Melon | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Sep 14 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | May 11 – Jun 8 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Jul 6 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 3 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Aug 10 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Apr 20 | — | Aug 3 – Sep 14 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 6 – Aug 3 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 23 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Sep 28 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Oct 5 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Oct 5 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 10 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Apr 20 | — | May 18 – Jun 8 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 25 | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Apr 20 | — | Jul 13 – Aug 17 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Apr 20 | — | Aug 3 – Sep 14 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Jul 27 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Mar 16 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | May 11 | — | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Sep 14 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | May 18 | Sep 7 – Nov 2 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Sep 14 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | May 11 | — | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Oct 5 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Sep 28 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 20 – Sep 28 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Apr 20 | — | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | May 4 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 27 – Sep 14 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | May 11 | — | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Aug 17 – Oct 5 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Mar 9 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 30 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Canyon County
27 fruits that grow well in Zone 6b with planting dates for Canyon County.
Show all 27 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 25 | Aug 24 – Dec 7 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 25 | Aug 3 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 25 | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 25 | Aug 17 – Sep 28 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Quince | — | — | May 25 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 25 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 25 | Aug 24 – Dec 7 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Canyon County
38 herbs that grow well in Zone 6b with planting dates for Canyon County.
Show all 38 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jul 27 – Oct 12 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Mar 16 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Oct 26 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 22 – Aug 10 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Aug 10 – Oct 12 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | May 11 | Sep 14 – Nov 23 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Mar 16 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Oct 26 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | May 11 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 21 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Nov 23 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Aug 31 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 21 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 21 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 60–80 |
| Rue | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 21 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | May 11 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | May 11 | Jul 6 – Aug 31 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 30 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 | Jun 8 – Aug 10 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | May 11 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Mar 16 | May 11 | May 18 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 21 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | May 11 | Sep 14 – Nov 23 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Oct 26 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Canyon County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Canyon County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Canyon County, ID?
Canyon County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 6b. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Canyon County, ID?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Canyon County falls around May 4. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between April 12 and June 6 — a 55-day window of variability. Use June 6 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Canyon County, ID?
The median first fall frost in Canyon County arrives around October 10. In cold years it can arrive as early as September 13; in mild years as late as October 26. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Canyon County?
Canyon County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 159 days. This is enough time for most warm-season crops including tomatoes, peppers, and squash with proper timing. Climate records show the growing season is trending longer by about 6.31 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Canyon County for gardening?
Canyon County has predominantly Loam soil with a pH range of 6.2–8.2 and Moderately Well Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Canyon County?
Canyon County has commercial agriculture that includes Potatoes, Hay, Wheat. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Canyon County a good location for home gardening?
Canyon County scores 32/100 (Challenging) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Plan Your Garden with Confidence
Get our free Garden Planner — designed to help Canyon County gardeners in Zone 6b organize planting dates, track what's growing, and never miss a planting window.
Get Your Free Garden Planner →Free download. Plan your entire garden season in minutes.
