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When to Plant Cauliflower in Leon County, FL

Leon County, Florida Zone 9a May

May to-do list for Leon County, Florida

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Leon County, Florida.

Avg. last frost March 11
Avg. first frost November 21
Soil temp (4") 75°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure High
Daylight 13.5 hrs
  1. Bring in the cauliflower

    The more you pick, the more the plant produces. Letting fruit overripen tells the plant it's time to stop.

To set up a strong June, finish these tasks
  • First harvests: cauliflower

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Cauliflower is a cool-season brassica that produces dense white, purple, or green heads called curds. It is more finicky than broccoli but rewards with a mild, nutty flavor.

Leon County, Florida is in USDA Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 11 and the first fall frost is November 21, giving you a growing season of approximately 255 days.

At an elevation of 250 feet, Leon County receives approximately 53.9 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly sand soil. Summer highs average 95°F, so Cauliflower may need afternoon shade and extra watering during peak heat. Sandy soil warms quickly in spring — great for early planting — but Cauliflower will need more frequent watering and organic matter to retain nutrients. Ample rainfall means less supplemental watering, but ensure good drainage to prevent Cauliflower root diseases.

Leon County, FL (Zone 9a) Long season
255 days
Last Spring Frost March 11
255 growing days
First Fall Frost November 21

Leon County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Sand

Soil pH

4.8-5.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (134 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 3 Transplant: Mar 3 🍅 Harvest: Apr 28 – Jun 30
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (136 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 11 Transplant: Mar 11 🍅 Harvest: May 6 – Jul 8
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (133 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 7 Transplant: Apr 4 🍅 Harvest: May 30 – Aug 1

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Leon County

How your county's soil matches Cauliflower's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (4.8–5.7) is more acidic than Cauliflower prefers (6.0–7.0). Add garden lime to raise pH.

Soil Texture

Sandy soil in Leon County warms quickly in spring but drains fast. Cauliflower will need more frequent watering and regular compost additions to retain nutrients.

Drainage

Cauliflower is a heavy drinker but your soil drains very quickly. Mulch heavily and consider drip irrigation.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is low (1.3%). Add 2-3 inches of compost before planting Cauliflower.

How to Plant Cauliflower

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Cauliflower

5
successive plantings in your 255-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 13 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Sep 26.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
You supply
0.4″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 936 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Cauliflower

Cauliflower needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Cauliflower Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 2.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 3.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 4.3" 3" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Apr 4.3" 2.4" 1.9" 💧 Light watering
May 4.3" 4.1" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 7.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 4.3" 7.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 4.3" 7.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 4.3" 6.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 4.3" 5.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 4.3" 2.1" 2.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Dec 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Mar–Nov in Leon County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Cauliflower Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Cauliflower needs ~1,647 GDD — county provides 5,418 GDD Excellent fit

Cauliflower Planting Timeline — Leon County, FL

Cauliflower Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors February 11 Feb 11 – Feb 25
Transplant Outdoors March 11 Mar 11 – Mar 25
Direct Sow February 18 Feb 18 – Mar 11
Harvest May 6 May 6 – Jul 8
Fall Sowing September 26 Sep 26 – Oct 10

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February Start Indoors Direct Sow
March Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
April
May Harvest
June Harvest
July Harvest
August
September Fall Sowing
October Fall Sowing
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

55–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_acidic

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 9a

📆 Growing Season

255 days in Leon County

Growing Tips for Cauliflower in Leon County

Direct sow Cauliflower outdoors after March 11 in Leon County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Sandy soil in Leon County dries quickly — mulch Cauliflower with 2-3 inches of straw and water deeply 2-3 times per week rather than lightly every day.

Summer highs in Leon County reach 95°F — grow Cauliflower as a spring or fall crop. Use shade cloth if planting in summer.

Common pests for Cauliflower in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 6 weeks before transplanting. Blanch white varieties by tying outer leaves over the head. Provide consistent moisture and avoid temperature extremes.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Cauliflower in Leon County, FL?

Leon County is in Zone 9a with an average last frost of March 11. Plan your Cauliflower planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Leon County, FL?

Leon County, Florida is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 11 and first fall frost is November 21.

🌱

Your Leon County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Leon County (Zone 9a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Leon County, FL. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.