Costilla County, CO — Planting Guide
Your May gardening checklist
May is a pivotal month for Costilla County, Colorado gardens. Focus on these tasks first and you'll set up the rest of the season for success.
-
Seed carrots, kale, and lettuce outdoors
Sow every 2 weeks for a continuous harvest. A single big planting means a single big glut.
Get ahead of June
- Transplants going out: basil, cucumber, and kale
- Direct-sowing: basil, cucumber, and green beans
- First harvests: radish, cress, and microgreens
Costilla County is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is June 8 and the first fall frost is September 16, giving you a growing season of approximately 100 days.
At an elevation of 5,598 ft, Costilla County receives approximately 21 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 86°F with winter lows around 11°F. The predominant soil type is Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 26 days year to year — ranging from May 24 in warm years to June 19 in cold years. Costilla County scores 49/100 (Moderate) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
5b (°F to °F min)
❄️ Last Frost
June 8
🍂 First Frost
September 16
📅 Growing Season
100 days
⛰️ Elevation
5,598 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
21 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1.3 in | 7 days | — | None |
| Feb | 1.3 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Mar | 1.9 in | 6 days | — | None |
| Apr | 2 in | 7 days | 2.3 in | High |
| May | 2.5 in | 7 days | 1.8 in | High |
| Jun | 1.3 in | 4 days | 3 in | High |
| Jul | 2 in | 5 days | 2.3 in | High |
| Aug | 2.5 in | 7 days | 1.8 in | High |
| Sep | 1.7 in | 6 days | 2.6 in | High |
| Oct | 1.9 in | 5 days | 2.4 in | High |
| Nov | 1.3 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Dec | 1.4 in | 6 days | — | None |
Annual total: 21.1 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Costilla County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH
6.2-8.3
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Jun 19 | Sep 29 | 102 days |
| Cautious | Jun 13 | Sep 21 | 100 days |
| Average year | Jun 8 | Sep 16 | 100 days |
| Optimistic | May 30 | Sep 11 | 104 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | May 24 | Sep 6 | 105 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±26 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Slightly — seasons are trending a bit shorter (0.3 days/decade). Stay conservative with planting dates.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Costilla County presents some gardening challenges. Choose adapted varieties and plan around frost dates.
Local Gardening Help in Costilla County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Costilla County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Costilla County Colorado State University Extension Extension Office
Phone: 970-491-6281
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Costilla County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Costilla County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Costilla County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Costilla County CO" or "garden center Costilla County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Costilla County CO" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Costilla County Gardeners" or "Colorado Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
14.6 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.4 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
10 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.7 hr | 5.1 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.6 hr | 6.4 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 7.1 hr | Short day |
| April | 13 hr | 7.5 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14 hr | 8.8 hr | Long day |
| June | 14.6 hr | 10 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.3 hr | 9.6 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.4 hr | 9.1 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 8.5 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11 hr | 6.9 hr | Short day |
| November | 10 hr | 5.5 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.4 hr | 4.9 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jul through Aug.
Best Month to Compost
Jun
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
4 months
Short season — insulate pile or use indoor vermicomposting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6°F | 17°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 9°F | 15°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 17°F | 18°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 28°F | 29°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| May | 43°F | 38°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Jun | 52°F | 47°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jul | 62°F | 54°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Aug | 64°F | 58°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Sep | 55°F | 54°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Oct | 42°F | 45°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Nov | 26°F | 33°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Dec | 17°F | 22°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Costilla County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Low disease risk — dry conditions reduce fungal problems.
Seasonal Risk
View 5 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash bugs | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Tomato hornworms | Low | Jul, Aug |
| Cabbage loopers | Low | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
Organic pest management tips
- Maintain healthy soil with regular compost additions to build natural pest resistance
- Practice crop rotation annually to break pest cycles
- Encourage beneficial insects with flowering herbs like dill, fennel, and yarrow
Cover Crops for Costilla County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Jun 15 | Jul 8 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Jun 10 | Jul 15 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | May 14 | Jul 15 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | Jun 24 | Sep 2 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (6 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Jul 8 | May 25 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Daikon radish | Aug 3 | May 18 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Jun 25 | May 25 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Aug 9 | May 25 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jun 21 | May 18 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jun 23 | May 18 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 14 mph Summer: 12 mph
Fall: 13 mph Winter: 15 mph
Prevailing wind: W. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the W side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
7.1/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
Moderate
Some terrain variation (794 ft range). Garden on slopes or higher ground if possible to avoid late-season frost pockets.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
10,516 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
7 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 1,750 gal tank.
Legal Status
Limited
Your state has quantity limits on rainwater collection — check local regulations before installing large systems.
Best Collection Months
Apr, May, Jul, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Feb, Jun, Nov
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 21.1 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 10,516 gallons annually
- Check CO state regulations — rainwater harvesting has quantity limits
- Stock up on stored water before your dry season (Feb, Jun, Nov)
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
Soil & Growing Conditions in Costilla County
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH 6.2–8.3 · Excessively Drained drainage
Good candidate for raised beds to maximise drainage and extend the season.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 5.5/10
Moderate drought pressure. Drip irrigation and mulching are highly recommended to maintain soil moisture through summer.
Season Tips
100-day frost-free season
A short season means indoor starts are critical for warm-season crops. Prioritise cold-hardy, fast-maturing varieties and use row covers to extend autumn harvests.
Your Free Printable Garden Planner
Plan every bed, every planting, every harvest — in one place. This 24-page printable includes your zone's planting calendar, a month-by-month task list, a seed inventory tracker, a harvest log, and succession-planting charts. Built to print, write in, and actually use all season.
Recommended for Your Garden
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
Boost soil fertility and structure with rich, well-aged organic compost.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Costilla County
106 vegetables that grow well in Zone 5b with planting dates for Costilla County.
Show all 106 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 14 – Oct 19 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Nov 9 | 90–120 |
| Arugula | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Jun 22 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | May 25 | — | Jul 20 – Aug 17 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 28 – Nov 23 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Oct 5 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Jun 15 | — | Sep 14 – Nov 2 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 10 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 7 – Nov 2 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Oct 26 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 14 – Nov 9 | 80–120 |
| Carrots | — | May 25 | — | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Oct 5 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 21 – Oct 26 | 100–120 |
| Celery | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 31 – Oct 26 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 10 – Sep 21 | 60–90 |
| Chard | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 50–60 |
| Chickpeas | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 31 – Oct 12 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 10 – Sep 21 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Aug 31 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 14 – Oct 19 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Oct 5 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 17 – Sep 28 | 60–90 |
| Cress | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jun 22 – Jul 13 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 10 – Sep 7 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | May 25 | — | Oct 26 – Nov 9 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | May 25 | — | Jul 20 – Aug 17 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 14 – Oct 19 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 31 – Oct 12 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Mar 30 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Nov 2 | 65–85 |
| Endive | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Aug 31 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 24 – Oct 5 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Oct 5 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Jun 22 | Oct 26 – Dec 7 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Mar 30 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Dec 7 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Oct 5 – Nov 9 | 100–120 |
| Kabocha | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Oct 19 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 27 – Aug 24 | 45–60 |
| Kale | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Jun 15 | — | Sep 14 – Oct 19 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Aug 17 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 7 – Nov 23 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 31 – Oct 12 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 17 – Sep 28 | 60–90 |
| Mache | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 40–60 |
| Melon | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Oct 19 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Aug 10 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Sep 7 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Sep 14 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 50–65 |
| Onion | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 7 – Oct 26 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 17 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | May 25 | — | Sep 7 – Oct 19 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 10 – Sep 7 | 45–60 |
| Peas | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Mar 30 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Nov 2 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Nov 9 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Nov 9 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 10 – Sep 14 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | May 25 | — | Jun 22 – Jul 13 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 24 – Oct 5 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | May 25 | — | Aug 17 – Sep 21 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | May 25 | — | Sep 7 – Oct 19 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Aug 31 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Sep 28 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Sep 7 – Oct 26 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Apr 20 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 12 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Aug 3 – Sep 28 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Jun 15 | — | Sep 7 – Nov 2 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Oct 19 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 10 – Oct 12 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 14 – Nov 9 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Jun 22 | Oct 12 – Dec 7 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Oct 19 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 17 – Sep 28 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Nov 9 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 13 – Aug 17 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Nov 2 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 24 – Nov 2 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | May 25 | — | Jul 6 – Aug 10 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 8 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 31 – Oct 19 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Jun 15 | — | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Sep 21 – Nov 9 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Apr 13 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Sep 28 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | May 4 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Costilla County
27 fruits that grow well in Zone 5b with planting dates for Costilla County.
Show all 27 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | Jun 29 | Sep 28 – Dec 14 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | Jun 29 | Sep 7 – Oct 12 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | Jun 29 | Sep 7 – Nov 2 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | Jun 29 | Sep 21 – Nov 2 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Medlar | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Quince | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | Jun 29 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | Jun 29 | Sep 28 – Dec 14 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Costilla County
37 herbs that grow well in Zone 5b with planting dates for Costilla County.
Show all 37 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Aug 31 – Nov 16 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Apr 20 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 19 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Jun 15 | Sep 14 – Nov 30 | 90–120 |
| Borage | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 27 – Sep 14 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 19 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Aug 3 – Oct 12 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Sep 14 – Nov 16 | 100–120 |
| Dill | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | Jun 15 | Oct 19 – Nov 30 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Apr 20 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Aug 3 – Oct 12 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Jun 15 | Sep 14 – Nov 30 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 31 – Oct 26 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 24 – Oct 26 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | Jun 15 | Sep 14 – Nov 30 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 5 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 24 – Oct 26 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 24 – Oct 26 | 70–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Aug 3 – Oct 5 | 60–80 |
| Rue | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 24 – Oct 26 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 31 – Oct 26 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | May 4 | May 25 | Jun 1 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 17 – Oct 26 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Apr 20 | Jun 15 | Jun 22 | Aug 17 – Oct 19 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Jun 15 | Aug 24 – Oct 26 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Jun 15 | Oct 19 – Nov 30 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | Jun 15 | Sep 14 – Nov 30 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Costilla County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Costilla County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Costilla County, CO?
Costilla County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Costilla County, CO?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Costilla County falls around June 8. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between May 24 and June 19 — a 26-day window of variability. Use June 19 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Costilla County, CO?
The median first fall frost in Costilla County arrives around September 16. In cold years it can arrive as early as September 6; in mild years as late as September 29. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Costilla County?
Costilla County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 100 days. Focus on short-season varieties and start warm-season crops indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost.
What is the soil like in Costilla County for gardening?
Costilla County has predominantly Loam soil with a pH range of 6.2–8.3 and Excessively Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Costilla County?
Costilla County has commercial agriculture that includes Cattle, Hay, Wheat. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Costilla County a good location for home gardening?
Costilla County scores 49/100 (Moderate) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Your Costilla County Garden Planner — Free
A 24-page printable planner built for Costilla County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log