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When to Plant Lettuce in San Mateo County, CA

San Mateo County, California Zone 10a May

Your May planting checklist for San Mateo County, California

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in San Mateo County, California.

Avg. last frost January 18
Avg. first frost December 12
Soil temp (4") 78°F
Watering Critical
Pest pressure High
Daylight 14 hrs
  1. Basket week: lettuce

    The more you pick, the more the plant produces. Letting fruit overripen tells the plant it's time to stop.

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Lettuce is a fast-growing cool-season green available in leaf, romaine, butterhead, and crisphead types. It is the foundation of salads and one of the easiest crops to grow.

San Mateo County, California is in USDA Zone 10a. The average last spring frost is January 18 and the first fall frost is December 12, giving you a growing season of approximately 328 days.

At an elevation of 277 feet, San Mateo County receives approximately 16.9 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 81°F, so choose short-season varieties of Lettuce to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Lettuce successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

San Mateo County, CA (Zone 10a) Year-round
328 days
Last Spring Frost January 18
328 growing days
First Fall Frost December 12

San Mateo County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.8-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (220 days to spare)
Start indoors: Dec 17 Transplant: Jan 14 🍅 Harvest: Feb 18 – Apr 29
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (223 days to spare)
Start indoors: Dec 21 Transplant: Jan 18 🍅 Harvest: Feb 22 – May 3
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (170 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 24 Transplant: Mar 24 🍅 Harvest: Apr 28 – Jul 7

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in San Mateo County

How your county's soil matches Lettuce's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.8–7.2) overlaps with Lettuce's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in San Mateo County is excellent for Lettuce — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Lettuce.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.6%). Annual compost additions will help Lettuce.

How to Plant Lettuce

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Lettuce

13
successive plantings in your 328-day season

Sow every 3.4 weeks. Last sowing by Oct 13 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Oct 17.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.2″/week
You supply
0.8″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 2,439 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Lettuce

Lettuce needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Lettuce Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3" 3.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Feb 3" 3.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Mar 3" 2.7" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Apr 3" 1.2" 1.8" 🚿 Regular watering
May 3" 0.4" 2.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 3" 0.1" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3" 0" 3" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 3" 0" 3" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 3" 0.2" 2.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 3" 0.7" 2.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 3" 1.4" 1.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Dec 3" 2.9" 0.1" 💧 Light watering

Water needs are for active growing months only (Jan–Dec in San Mateo County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Lettuce Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Lettuce needs ~484 GDD — county provides 3,536 GDD Excellent fit

Lettuce Planting Timeline — San Mateo County, CA

Lettuce Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors December 21 Dec 21 – Jan 4
Transplant Outdoors January 18 Jan 18 – Feb 1
Direct Sow December 28 Dec 28 – Jan 18
Harvest February 22 Feb 22 – May 3
Fall Sowing October 17 Oct 17 – Oct 31

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
February Transplant Outdoors Harvest
March Harvest
April Harvest
May Harvest
June
July
August
September
October Fall Sowing
November
December Start Indoors Direct Sow

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

30–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 10a

📆 Growing Season

328 days in San Mateo County

Growing Tips for Lettuce in San Mateo County

Direct sow Lettuce outdoors after January 18 in San Mateo County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 329.0-day season in San Mateo County allows multiple plantings of Lettuce. Sow every 15.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Lettuce in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly every 2 weeks for continuous harvest. Provide afternoon shade in warm weather to delay bolting. Harvest in the morning for crispest leaves.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Celery

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Lettuce Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Let plants bolt and flower. Harvest seed heads when fluffy.
Storage Store airtight; viable 6 years at 35°F, under 45% humidity.

Very easy to save. Let a few plants bolt each season.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Lettuce in San Mateo County, CA?

San Mateo County is in Zone 10a with an average last frost of January 18. Plan your Lettuce planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is San Mateo County, CA?

San Mateo County, California is in USDA Hardiness Zone 10a. The average last spring frost is January 18 and first fall frost is December 12.

🌱

Your San Mateo County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for San Mateo County (Zone 10a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for San Mateo County, CA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.