Jefferson County, WV — Planting Guide
May in the garden — Jefferson County, West Virginia
Each item below is timed to Jefferson County, West Virginia's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.
-
Set out basil, cucumber, and peppers seedlings
Plant tomatoes deep — bury the stem up to the first true leaves to grow extra roots. Everything else goes in at the same depth it grew in the tray.
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Get cucumber, kale, and lettuce seeds going inside
Label every cell. You will absolutely forget which is which otherwise.
-
It's harvest week for lettuce, radish, and arugula
Don't tug. Use scissors or pruners for clean cuts — torn stems invite disease.
A few tasks this May that'll pay off in June
- Starting indoors: basil, peppers, and pole beans
- First harvests: basil, carrots, and cucumber
Jefferson County is in USDA Zone 7a. The average last spring frost is April 20 and the first fall frost is October 23, giving you a growing season of approximately 186 days.
At an elevation of 3,548 ft, Jefferson County receives approximately 48 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 91°F with winter lows around 24°F. The predominant soil type is Silt Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 38 days year to year — ranging from April 2 in warm years to May 11 in cold years. The growing season is trending longer by about 3.79 days per decade. Jefferson County scores 40/100 (Moderate) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
7a (°F to °F min)
❄️ Last Frost
April 20
🍂 First Frost
October 23
📅 Growing Season
186 days
⛰️ Elevation
3,548 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
48 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.1 in | 11 days | — | None |
| Feb | 3.9 in | 9 days | — | None |
| Mar | 4.6 in | 10 days | — | Low |
| Apr | 4.1 in | 7 days | 0.2 in | Low |
| May | 4 in | 9 days | 0.3 in | Low |
| Jun | 4 in | 10 days | 0.3 in | Low |
| Jul | 4.7 in | 12 days | — | Low |
| Aug | 4.1 in | 10 days | 0.2 in | Low |
| Sep | 4.2 in | 7 days | 0.1 in | Low |
| Oct | 2.6 in | 7 days | 1.7 in | High |
| Nov | 3.6 in | 8 days | — | None |
| Dec | 4.2 in | 9 days | — | None |
Annual total: 48.1 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Jefferson County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Silt Loam
Soil pH
5.5-7
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | May 11 | Nov 3 | 176 days |
| Cautious | Apr 27 | Oct 28 | 184 days |
| Average year | Apr 20 | Oct 23 | 186 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 13 | Oct 17 | 187 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Apr 2 | Oct 7 | 188 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±38 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting longer here (about 3.8 days per decade). Spring is arriving earlier than it used to. Good news for gardeners.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Jefferson County presents some gardening challenges. Choose adapted varieties and plan around frost dates.
Local Gardening Help in Jefferson County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Jefferson County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Jefferson County West Virginia University Extension Extension Office
Phone: 304-293-5691
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Jefferson County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Jefferson County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Jefferson County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Jefferson County WV" or "garden center Jefferson County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Jefferson County WV" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Jefferson County Gardeners" or "West Virginia Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
14.8 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.2 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
8.8 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.5 hr | 4.8 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.5 hr | 5.6 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 6.5 hr | Short day |
| April | 13 hr | 8 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.2 hr | 8.8 hr | Long day |
| June | 14.8 hr | 8.8 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.5 hr | 8.3 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.5 hr | 7.2 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 7.2 hr | Neutral |
| October | 10.9 hr | 6.9 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.8 hr | 5.3 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.2 hr | 4.4 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jun through Sep.
Best Month to Compost
Jul
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
6 months
Solid season. Piles go dormant in winter.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23°F | 31°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 23°F | 30°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 31°F | 34°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 44°F | 41°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| May | 55°F | 52°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jun | 64°F | 60°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jul | 72°F | 67°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 72°F | 69°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 69°F | 65°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 52°F | 58°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Nov | 40°F | 47°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Dec | 30°F | 37°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Jefferson County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Moderate — watch for mildew and blight during wet periods.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | High | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Japanese beetles | High | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash vine borers | Moderate | Jun, Jul |
| Tomato hornworms | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Cucumber beetles | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul |
| Stink bugs | Low | Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
Organic pest management tips
- Use row covers on susceptible crops during peak pest months
- Apply neem oil preventatively every 7-14 days during active pest season
- Interplant with strong-scented herbs (basil, marigold) to confuse pests
- Hand-pick larger pests (beetles, caterpillars) in early morning when they're sluggish
- Practice crop rotation — never plant the same family in the same spot within 3 years
Cover Crops for Jefferson County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Apr 25 | Aug 14 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Apr 25 | Aug 14 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Mar 25 | Aug 21 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 9 | Sep 25 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (7 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 29 | Apr 6 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Aug 29 | Apr 6 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Sep 3 | Mar 30 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Jul 28 | Apr 6 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Sep 27 | Apr 6 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 31 | Apr 6 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 24 | Mar 30 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 11 mph Summer: 9 mph
Fall: 9 mph Winter: 12 mph
Prevailing wind: SW. Moderate wind — consider a temporary windbreak for young seedlings.
Windbreak Benefit
5/10
Moderately beneficial — a simple fence or trellis can protect delicate crops from wind stress.
Frost Pocket Risk
Moderate
Some terrain variation (513 ft range). Garden on slopes or higher ground if possible to avoid late-season frost pockets.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
23,973 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 500 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Mar, Jul, Sep, Dec
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Feb, Oct, Nov
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 48.1 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 23,973 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Stock up on stored water before your dry season (Feb, Oct, Nov)
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
Soil & Growing Conditions in Jefferson County
Soil Type
Silt Loam
Soil pH 5.5–7 · Somewhat Poorly Drained drainage
Native soil is well-suited to most vegetables and herbs with regular compost additions.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 5.5/10
Moderate drought pressure. Drip irrigation and mulching are highly recommended to maintain soil moisture through summer.
Season Tips
186-day frost-free season
Plenty of time for warm-season crops. Start heat-lovers indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost to maximise your harvest window.
Your Free Printable Garden Planner
Plan every bed, every planting, every harvest — in one place. This 24-page printable includes your zone's planting calendar, a month-by-month task list, a seed inventory tracker, a harvest log, and succession-planting charts. Built to print, write in, and actually use all season.
Recommended for Your Garden
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
Boost soil fertility and structure with rich, well-aged organic compost.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Jefferson County
113 vegetables that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Jefferson County.
Show all 113 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | May 4 | Sep 7 – Nov 16 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | May 4 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Apr 6 | — | Jun 1 – Jun 29 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Aug 10 – Oct 5 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jul 27 – Sep 14 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 22 – Aug 3 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 20 – Sep 14 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 7 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | May 4 | Sep 7 – Oct 19 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Apr 6 | — | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 17 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Aug 3 – Sep 7 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 22 – Aug 3 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 3 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Sep 7 – Nov 16 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 22 – Aug 3 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 17 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 29 – Aug 10 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 4 – May 25 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Jul 20 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Apr 6 | — | Sep 7 – Nov 9 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Apr 6 | — | Jun 1 – Jun 29 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Apr 27 | — | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 16 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Sep 14 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | May 4 | Sep 7 – Nov 16 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 16 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Oct 19 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 17 – Sep 21 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Sep 7 – Nov 16 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Aug 31 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 8 – Jul 6 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 10 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jul 27 – Aug 31 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 8 – Jul 13 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jun 29 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 20 – Oct 5 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 13 – Aug 24 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Aug 3 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 29 – Aug 10 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 17 – Oct 19 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Oct 19 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Jul 27 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Aug 31 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Apr 27 – May 25 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jun 8 – Aug 3 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jun 22 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Jul 20 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Jul 27 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 20 – Sep 7 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jun 29 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Apr 6 | — | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Jul 20 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 10 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 16 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Sep 14 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Sep 21 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 22 – Jul 27 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Apr 6 | — | May 4 – May 25 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 11 | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 6 – Aug 17 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Apr 6 | — | Jun 29 – Aug 3 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Apr 6 | — | Jul 20 – Aug 31 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Jul 13 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Aug 10 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jul 20 – Sep 7 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 24 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 15 – Aug 10 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jul 20 – Sep 14 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Aug 31 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Aug 24 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 27 – Sep 21 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | May 4 | Aug 24 – Oct 19 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Aug 31 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 29 – Aug 10 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | May 25 – Jun 29 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Sep 14 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 6 – Sep 14 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Apr 6 | — | May 18 – Jun 22 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 20 | Jun 1 – Jul 6 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jul 13 – Aug 31 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Apr 27 | — | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Aug 3 – Sep 21 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 10 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 23 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Jefferson County
31 fruits that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Jefferson County.
Show all 31 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Nov 23 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Aug 24 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 11 | Jul 20 – Sep 14 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 11 | Aug 3 – Sep 14 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Kiwi | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Loquat | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1825 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | May 11 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 11 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 11 | Aug 10 – Dec 21 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Jefferson County
39 herbs that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Jefferson County.
Show all 39 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jul 13 – Sep 28 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 27 – Oct 12 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jun 8 – Jul 27 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jun 15 – Aug 24 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jul 27 – Sep 28 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | Apr 27 | Aug 31 – Dec 7 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jun 15 – Aug 24 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 27 – Oct 12 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 27 – Dec 7 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Aug 17 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | Jun 15 – Aug 17 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 20 – Dec 7 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 13 – Sep 7 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 22 – Aug 17 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 16 | Apr 6 | Apr 13 | May 25 – Jul 27 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Apr 27 | Jun 29 – Sep 7 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Mar 2 | Apr 27 | May 4 | Jun 29 – Aug 31 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 6 – Sep 7 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Apr 27 | Aug 31 – Dec 7 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | Apr 27 | Jul 27 – Oct 12 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Jefferson County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Jefferson County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Jefferson County, WV?
Jefferson County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 7a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Jefferson County, WV?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Jefferson County falls around April 20. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between April 2 and May 11 — a 38-day window of variability. Use May 11 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Jefferson County, WV?
The median first fall frost in Jefferson County arrives around October 23. In cold years it can arrive as early as October 7; in mild years as late as November 3. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Jefferson County?
Jefferson County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 186 days. This is enough time for most warm-season crops including tomatoes, peppers, and squash with proper timing. Climate records show the growing season is trending longer by about 3.79 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Jefferson County for gardening?
Jefferson County has predominantly Silt Loam soil with a pH range of 5.5–7 and Somewhat Poorly Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Jefferson County?
Jefferson County has commercial agriculture that includes Soybeans, Poultry, Corn, Wheat. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Jefferson County a good location for home gardening?
Jefferson County scores 40/100 (Moderate) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Your Jefferson County Garden Planner — Free
A 24-page printable planner built for Jefferson County (Zone 7a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log