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When to Plant Cabbage in Hughes County, SD

Hughes County, South Dakota Zone 4b May

Your May planting checklist for Hughes County, South Dakota

Each item below is timed to Hughes County, South Dakota's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost May 11
Avg. first frost October 2
Soil temp (4") 56°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.6 hrs
  1. Move cabbage into the garden

    Pinch off the lowest leaves on each seedling before you plant — it reduces water loss while the roots catch up.

  2. Scatter cabbage into prepared beds

    Mark the row. Birds and stray feet both have opinions about unmarked beds.

A few tasks this May that'll pay off in June
  • Starting indoors: cabbage

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Cabbage is a versatile cool-season crop that forms dense, leafy heads in green, red, or savoy varieties. It is a staple for coleslaw, sauerkraut, and many global cuisines.

Hughes County, South Dakota is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 11 and the first fall frost is October 2, giving you a growing season of approximately 144 days.

At an elevation of 633 feet, Hughes County receives approximately 32.6 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Cabbage to ensure they mature before fall.

Hughes County, SD (Zone 4b) Short season
144 days
Last Spring Frost May 11
144 growing days
First Fall Frost October 2
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Hughes County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (25 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 22 Transplant: May 3 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Aug 30
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (25 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 30 Transplant: May 11 🍅 Harvest: Jul 13 – Sep 7
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (27 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 9 Transplant: May 21 🍅 Harvest: Jul 23 – Sep 17

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Hughes County

How your county's soil matches Cabbage's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.2) is within Cabbage's preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Hughes County is excellent for Cabbage — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.9%). Annual compost additions will help Cabbage.

How to Plant Cabbage

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Cabbage

2
successive plantings in your 144-day season

Sow every 6.9 weeks. Last sowing by Jun 24 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 10.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.9″/week
Rainfall provides
1.0″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Cabbage

Cabbage needs approximately 0.9 inches of water per week (3.9" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Cabbage Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3.9" 5.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3.9" 5.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3.9" 3.6" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 3.9" 4.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3.9" 2.9" 1" 💧 Light watering
Oct 3.9" 2.1" 1.8" 💧 Light watering
Nov 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Oct in Hughes County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Cabbage Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Cabbage needs ~800 GDD — county provides 1,440 GDD Excellent fit

Cabbage Planting Timeline — Hughes County, SD

Cabbage Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 30 Mar 30 – Apr 13
Transplant Outdoors May 11 May 11 – May 25
Direct Sow May 4 May 4 – May 25
Harvest July 13 Jul 13 – Sep 7
Fall Sowing July 10 Jul 10 – Jul 24

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.9"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

60–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

144 days in Hughes County

Growing Tips for Cabbage in Hughes County

Direct sow Cabbage outdoors after May 11 in Hughes County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Cabbage in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before last frost. Space plants 18-24 inches apart. Keep soil evenly moist to prevent heads from splitting.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries
  • Tomatoes

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Cabbage in Hughes County, SD?

Hughes County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 11. Plan your Cabbage planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Hughes County, SD?

Hughes County, South Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 11 and first fall frost is October 2.

🌱

Your Hughes County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Hughes County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Hughes County, SD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.