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When to Plant Endive in Philadelphia County, PA

Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania Zone 7b April

April to-do list for Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania

Welcome to April in Zone 7b. These are the moves that will have the biggest impact on your growing season.

Avg. last frost April 16
Avg. first frost October 24
Soil temp (4") 58°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Moderate
Daylight 13.1 hrs
  1. Set out endive seedlings

    Water the tray well an hour before you transplant. Roots slide out cleanly and settle in faster.

  2. Seed endive outdoors

    Keep the top inch of soil moist until germination — a gentle morning watering for 5–7 days does the job.

Before May arrives, get these ready
  • Starting indoors: endive

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Endive is a leafy green with a slightly bitter flavor, available in curly (frisee) and broad-leaved (escarole) types. It adds texture and complexity to salads.

Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania is in USDA Zone 7b. The average last spring frost is April 16 and the first fall frost is October 24, giving you a growing season of approximately 191 days.

At an elevation of 996 feet, Philadelphia County receives approximately 48.2 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 93°F, providing good warmth for Endive during the growing season.

Philadelphia County, PA (Zone 7b) Moderate season
191 days
Last Spring Frost April 16
191 growing days
First Fall Frost October 24

Philadelphia County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.2-6.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (104 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 9 Transplant: Apr 13 🍅 Harvest: Jun 1 – Jul 6
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (107 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 12 Transplant: Apr 16 🍅 Harvest: Jun 4 – Jul 9
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (93 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 6 Transplant: May 11 🍅 Harvest: Jun 29 – Aug 3

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Philadelphia County

How your county's soil matches Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.2–6.7) overlaps with Endive's range (5.5–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Philadelphia County is excellent for Endive — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (4.0%). Annual compost additions will help Endive.

How to Plant Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Endive

5
successive plantings in your 191-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 20 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 15.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
1.1″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Endive

Endive needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 3.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 3.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 3" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 3.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3" 3.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 3" 4.3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 3.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 3.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Philadelphia County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Endive needs ~1,086 GDD — county provides 3,772 GDD Excellent fit

Endive Planting Timeline — Philadelphia County, PA

Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 12 Mar 12 – Mar 26
Transplant Outdoors April 16 Apr 16 – Apr 30
Direct Sow April 2 Apr 2 – Apr 23
Harvest June 4 Jun 4 – Jul 9
Fall Sowing August 15 Aug 15 – Aug 29

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 7b

📆 Growing Season

191 days in Philadelphia County

Growing Tips for Endive in Philadelphia County

Direct sow Endive outdoors after April 16 in Philadelphia County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 191.0-day season in Philadelphia County allows multiple plantings of Endive. Sow every 22.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly in spring or fall. Blanch heads by tying outer leaves together 2-3 weeks before harvest to reduce bitterness. Keep soil evenly moist.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Endive in Philadelphia County, PA?

Philadelphia County is in Zone 7b with an average last frost of April 16. Plan your Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Philadelphia County, PA?

Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania is in USDA Hardiness Zone 7b. The average last spring frost is April 16 and first fall frost is October 24.

🌱

Your Philadelphia County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Philadelphia County (Zone 7b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Philadelphia County, PA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: April 2026.

Sources & credits

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