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When to Plant Garlic in Thunder Bay, ON

Garlic

Garlic is a pungent allium planted in fall and harvested the following summer. Hardneck varieties produce edible flower stalks (scapes) and are more cold-hardy.

Thunder Bay, Ontario is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 7 and the first fall frost is October 1, giving you a growing season of approximately 147 days.

At an elevation of 652 feet, Thunder Bay receives approximately 20.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly clay loam soil. Summer highs average 72°F, so choose short-season varieties of Garlic to ensure they mature before fall. Clay soil retains moisture well for Garlic, but amend with compost to improve drainage and prevent root rot.

Thunder Bay, ON (Zone 4b) Short season
147 days
Last Spring Frost May 7
147 growing days
First Fall Frost October 1

Thunder Bay Soil Profile

Soil Type

Clay Loam

Soil pH

6.0-7.0

Drainage

Well Drained

Monthly Watering Guide for Garlic

Garlic needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Garlic Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 2.9" 1.4" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 2.5" 1.8" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 2" 2.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 1.6" 2.7" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 4.3" 1.5" 2.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Oct in Thunder Bay). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Garlic Planting Timeline — Thunder Bay, ON

Garlic Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Harvest November 19 Nov 19 – Jan 14
Fall Sowing August 20 Aug 20 – Sep 3

Plant 1" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January Harvest
February
March
April
May
June
July
August Fall Sowing
September Fall Sowing
October
November Harvest
December Harvest

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

Moderate — regular watering

📅 Days to Maturity

90–240 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: N/A

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

147 days in Thunder Bay

Growing Tips for Thunder Bay

Plant individual cloves pointed end up in fall, 6 weeks before ground freezes. Mulch heavily with straw. Harvest when lower leaves begin to brown but 5-6 green leaves remain.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans
  • Asparagus

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Garlic in Thunder Bay, ON?

Thunder Bay is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 7. Plan your Garlic planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Thunder Bay, ON?

Thunder Bay, Ontario is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 7 and first fall frost is October 1.

🌱

Your Thunder Bay Garden Planner — Free

A 22-page printable planner built for Thunder Bay (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Thunder Bay, ON. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: June 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.