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When to Plant Cauliflower in Dunn County, ND

Dunn County, North Dakota Zone 4a May

May in Dunn County, North Dakota — your action list

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Dunn County, North Dakota.

Avg. last frost May 14
Avg. first frost September 23
Soil temp (4") 53°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
  1. Move cauliflower into the garden

    Your last frost (May 14) has passed. These warm-season crops can handle outdoor soil now.

  2. Outdoor sowing time: cauliflower

    Rake a smooth bed, make a shallow furrow, drop seeds at the spacing on the packet, water gently, walk away.

Looking ahead to June
  • Starting indoors: cauliflower

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Cauliflower is a cool-season brassica that produces dense white, purple, or green heads called curds. It is more finicky than broccoli but rewards with a mild, nutty flavor.

Dunn County, North Dakota is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 14 and the first fall frost is September 23, giving you a growing season of approximately 132 days.

At an elevation of 944 feet, Dunn County receives approximately 22.3 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Cauliflower to ensure they mature before fall.

Dunn County, ND (Zone 4a) Short season
132 days
Last Spring Frost May 14
132 growing days
First Fall Frost September 23

Dunn County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.5

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (12 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 29 Transplant: May 10 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Sep 6
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (13 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 2 Transplant: May 14 🍅 Harvest: Jul 9 – Sep 10
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (13 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 18 Transplant: May 30 🍅 Harvest: Jul 25 – Sep 26

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Dunn County

How your county's soil matches Cauliflower's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.5) overlaps with Cauliflower's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Dunn County is excellent for Cauliflower — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Cauliflower is a heavy drinker but your soil drains very quickly. Mulch heavily and consider drip irrigation.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.2%) — Cauliflower will thrive.

How to Plant Cauliflower

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Cauliflower

2
successive plantings in your 132-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jun 15 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 01.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
0.7″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 832 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Cauliflower

Cauliflower needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Cauliflower Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 2.5" 1.8" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 1.5" 2.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Dunn County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Cauliflower Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Cauliflower needs ~775 GDD — county provides 1,320 GDD Excellent fit

Cauliflower Planting Timeline — Dunn County, ND

Cauliflower Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 2 Apr 2 – Apr 16
Transplant Outdoors May 14 May 14 – May 28
Direct Sow May 7 May 7 – May 28
Harvest July 9 Jul 9 – Sep 10
Fall Sowing July 1 Jul 1 – Jul 15

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

55–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

132 days in Dunn County

Growing Tips for Cauliflower in Dunn County

Direct sow Cauliflower outdoors after May 14 in Dunn County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Cauliflower in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Dunn County receives only 22" of rain annually. Cauliflower needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 6 weeks before transplanting. Blanch white varieties by tying outer leaves over the head. Provide consistent moisture and avoid temperature extremes.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Cauliflower in Dunn County, ND?

Dunn County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 14. Plan your Cauliflower planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Dunn County, ND?

Dunn County, North Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 14 and first fall frost is September 23.

🌱

Your Dunn County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Dunn County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Dunn County, ND. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.