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When to Plant Rutabaga in Billings County, ND

Billings County, North Dakota Zone 4a May

What to do in May

We've pulled the most time-sensitive tasks for Billings County, North Dakota this May and put them front and centre. Tackle them in order.

Avg. last frost May 19
Avg. first frost September 21
Soil temp (4") 55°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
  1. Outdoor sowing time: rutabaga

    Rake a smooth bed, make a shallow furrow, drop seeds at the spacing on the packet, water gently, walk away.

Get ahead of June
  • Fall sowing: rutabaga

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Rutabagas are a cross between turnips and cabbage, producing large yellow-fleshed roots with a sweet, mild flavor. They are excellent mashed, roasted, or in stews.

Billings County, North Dakota is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 19 and the first fall frost is September 21, giving you a growing season of approximately 125 days.

At an elevation of 894 feet, Billings County receives approximately 26.2 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Rutabaga to ensure they mature before fall.

Billings County, ND (Zone 4a) Short season
125 days
Last Spring Frost May 19
125 growing days
First Fall Frost September 21

Billings County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.5-7.4

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (6 days to spare)
Transplant: May 14 🍅 Harvest: Aug 6 – Sep 10
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (6 days to spare)
Transplant: May 19 🍅 Harvest: Aug 11 – Sep 15
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (4 days to spare)
Transplant: Jun 2 🍅 Harvest: Aug 25 – Sep 29

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Billings County

How your county's soil matches Rutabaga's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.5–7.4) is within Rutabaga's preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Billings County is excellent for Rutabaga — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (4.0%). Annual compost additions will help Rutabaga.

How to Plant Rutabaga

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Rutabaga

Rutabaga needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Rutabaga Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3" 3.3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 1.6" 1.4" 💧 Light watering
Jul 3" 2.3" 0.7" 💧 Light watering
Aug 3" 2.9" 0.1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3" 2.4" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Oct 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Billings County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Rutabaga Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Rutabaga needs ~1,170 GDD — county provides 1,625 GDD Excellent fit

Rutabaga Planting Timeline — Billings County, ND

Rutabaga Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Direct Sow May 12 May 12 – Jun 2
Harvest August 4 Aug 4 – Sep 8
Fall Sowing June 29 Jun 29 – Jul 13

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April
May Direct Sow
June Direct Sow Fall Sowing
July Fall Sowing
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

80–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

125 days in Billings County

Growing Tips for Rutabaga in Billings County

Direct sow Rutabaga outdoors after May 19 in Billings County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Rutabaga in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow in early summer for fall harvest. Thin seedlings to 6-8 inches apart. Flavor improves significantly after a few light frosts.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Potatoes

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Rutabaga in Billings County, ND?

Billings County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 19. Plan your Rutabaga planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Billings County, ND?

Billings County, North Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 19 and first fall frost is September 21.

🌱

Your Billings County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Billings County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Billings County, ND. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.