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When to Plant Valerian in Barnes County, ND

Barnes County, North Dakota Zone 4a May

Your May game plan for Barnes County, North Dakota

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Barnes County, North Dakota.

Avg. last frost May 9
Avg. first frost September 29
Soil temp (4") 55°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.8 hrs
  1. Set out valerian seedlings

    Frost risk is low now in Barnes County, North Dakota. If you've been covering beds overnight, you can stop.

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Valerian is a tall perennial herb with fragrant white or pink flower clusters, valued for its root which is used as a natural sleep aid. It attracts pollinators and earthworms.

Barnes County, North Dakota is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 9 and the first fall frost is September 29, giving you a growing season of approximately 143 days.

At an elevation of 623 feet, Barnes County receives approximately 20.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Valerian to ensure they mature before fall.

Barnes County, ND (Zone 4a) Short season
143 days
Last Spring Frost May 9
143 growing days
First Fall Frost September 29

Barnes County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.3-7.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: May 8 🍅 Harvest: Sep 11 – Oct 2
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: May 16 🍅 Harvest: Sep 19 – Oct 10
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: May 26 🍅 Harvest: Sep 29 – Oct 20

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Barnes County

How your county's soil matches Valerian's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.3–7.7) overlaps with Valerian's range (5.5–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Barnes County is excellent for Valerian — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.7%). Annual compost additions will help Valerian.

How to Plant Valerian

0.5"
Planting Depth
8"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.4″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 506 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Valerian

Valerian needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Valerian Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 3.2" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 2.8" 1.5" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 3" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Barnes County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Valerian Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Valerian needs ~1,950 GDD — county provides 1,859 GDD Tight fit

Valerian Planting Timeline — Barnes County, ND

Valerian Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Transplant Outdoors May 16 May 16 – May 30
Harvest September 19 Sep 19 – Oct 10

Plant 0.5" deep · 8" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April
May Transplant Outdoors
June
July
August
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

120–180 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

143 days in Barnes County

Growing Tips for Valerian in Barnes County

Direct sow Valerian outdoors after May 09 in Barnes County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 143.0-day growing season in Barnes County is tight for Valerian (120.0-180.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Barnes County receives only 20" of rain annually. Valerian needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors and transplant after last frost. Harvest roots in fall of the second year. Deadhead flowers unless you want self-seeding. Cats are attracted to valerian root.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Valerian in Barnes County, ND?

Barnes County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 9. Plan your Valerian planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Barnes County, ND?

Barnes County, North Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 9 and first fall frost is September 29.

🌱

Your Barnes County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Barnes County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Barnes County, ND. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.