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When to Plant Belgian Endive in Barnes County, ND

Barnes County, North Dakota Zone 4a May

Your May gardening checklist

Each item below is timed to Barnes County, North Dakota's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost May 9
Avg. first frost September 29
Soil temp (4") 55°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.8 hrs
  1. Move belgian endive from tray to bed

    Frost risk is low now in Barnes County, North Dakota. If you've been covering beds overnight, you can stop.

  2. Sow belgian endive where they'll grow

    Mark the row. Birds and stray feet both have opinions about unmarked beds.

Looking ahead to June
  • Starting indoors: belgian endive

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Belgian endive is produced by forcing chicory roots in darkness to create tight, pale, torpedo-shaped heads called chicons. They have a mild bitterness and elegant crunch.

Barnes County, North Dakota is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 9 and the first fall frost is September 29, giving you a growing season of approximately 143 days.

At an elevation of 623 feet, Barnes County receives approximately 20.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Belgian Endive to ensure they mature before fall.

Barnes County, ND (Zone 4a) Short season
143 days
Last Spring Frost May 9
143 growing days
First Fall Frost September 29

Barnes County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.3-7.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 20 Transplant: May 1 🍅 Harvest: Aug 21 – Sep 25
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 28 Transplant: May 9 🍅 Harvest: Aug 29 – Oct 3
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (2 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 7 Transplant: May 19 🍅 Harvest: Sep 8 – Oct 13

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Barnes County

How your county's soil matches Belgian Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.3–7.7) overlaps with Belgian Endive's range (5.5–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Barnes County is excellent for Belgian Endive — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.7%). Annual compost additions will help Belgian Endive.

How to Plant Belgian Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.4″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 506 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Belgian Endive

Belgian Endive needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Belgian Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 3.2" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 2.8" 1.5" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 3" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Barnes County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Belgian Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Belgian Endive needs ~1,690 GDD — county provides 1,859 GDD Good fit

Belgian Endive Planting Timeline — Barnes County, ND

Belgian Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 28 Mar 28 – Apr 11
Transplant Outdoors May 9 May 9 – May 23
Direct Sow May 2 May 2 – May 23
Harvest August 29 Aug 29 – Oct 3
Fall Sowing July 7 Jul 7 – Jul 21

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Fall Sowing
August Harvest
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

110–150 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

143 days in Barnes County

Growing Tips for Belgian Endive in Barnes County

Direct sow Belgian Endive outdoors after May 09 in Barnes County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 143.0-day growing season in Barnes County is tight for Belgian Endive (110.0-150.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Belgian Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Barnes County receives only 20" of rain annually. Belgian Endive needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Grow chicory roots in the garden during summer, then dig in fall. Trim tops and force roots in moist sand in a dark cellar at 50-60F. Chicons emerge in 3-4 weeks.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Belgian Endive in Barnes County, ND?

Barnes County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 9. Plan your Belgian Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Barnes County, ND?

Barnes County, North Dakota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 9 and first fall frost is September 29.

🌱

Your Barnes County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Barnes County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Barnes County, ND. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.