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When to Plant Scallions in Madison County, NY

Madison County, New York Zone 5b May

May in the garden — Madison County, New York

Your Madison County, New York garden is entering a new phase. Here's what's on the schedule for May and why each task matters now.

Avg. last frost May 10
Avg. first frost October 12
Soil temp (4") 59°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.5 hrs
  1. Get scallions in the ground

    Pinch off the lowest leaves on each seedling before you plant — it reduces water loss while the roots catch up.

Looking ahead to June
  • Starting indoors: scallions

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Scallions (green onions) are mild-flavored alliums harvested for their slender green tops and white bases. They are quick-growing and perfect for succession planting.

Madison County, New York is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is May 10 and the first fall frost is October 12, giving you a growing season of approximately 155 days.

At an elevation of 420 feet, Madison County receives approximately 48.9 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 86°F, providing good warmth for Scallions during the growing season.

Madison County, NY (Zone 5b) Moderate season
155 days
Last Spring Frost May 10
155 growing days
First Fall Frost October 12

Madison County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.1-6.3

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (73 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 27 Transplant: May 1 🍅 Harvest: Jun 26 – Jul 24
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (71 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 5 Transplant: May 10 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Aug 2
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (72 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 20 Transplant: May 25 🍅 Harvest: Jul 20 – Aug 17

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Madison County

How your county's soil matches Scallions's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.1–6.3) is more acidic than Scallions prefers (6.0–7.0). Add garden lime to raise pH.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Madison County is excellent for Scallions — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.4%). Annual compost additions will help Scallions.

How to Plant Scallions

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Scallions

3
successive plantings in your 155-day season

Sow every 5.7 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 03 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 03.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
1.3″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Scallions

Scallions needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Scallions Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 3.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 4.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 4.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 4.3" 3.9" 0.4" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 3.7" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Oct 4.3" 4.3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 4.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Oct in Madison County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Scallions Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Scallions needs ~870 GDD — county provides 2,247 GDD Excellent fit

Scallions Planting Timeline — Madison County, NY

Scallions Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 5 Apr 5 – Apr 19
Transplant Outdoors May 10 May 10 – May 24
Direct Sow April 26 Apr 26 – May 17
Harvest July 5 Jul 5 – Aug 2
Fall Sowing August 3 Aug 3 – Aug 17

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

50–70 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_acidic

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5b

📆 Growing Season

155 days in Madison County

Growing Tips for Scallions in Madison County

Direct sow Scallions outdoors after May 10 in Madison County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Scallions in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow every 3 weeks for continuous harvest. Thin to 1 inch apart or grow in clusters. Harvest when pencil-thick by pulling or cutting at soil level.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Scallions in Madison County, NY?

Madison County is in Zone 5b with an average last frost of May 10. Plan your Scallions planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Madison County, NY?

Madison County, New York is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is May 10 and first fall frost is October 12.

🌱

Your Madison County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Madison County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Madison County, NY. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.