Bernalillo County, NM — Planting Guide
Bernalillo County is in USDA Zone 7a. The average last spring frost is April 30 and the first fall frost is October 14, giving you a growing season of approximately 167 days.
At an elevation of 4,326 ft, Bernalillo County receives approximately 16.3 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 91°F with winter lows around 34°F. The predominant soil type is Sandy Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 63 days year to year — ranging from March 27 in warm years to May 30 in cold years. The growing season is trending longer by about 8.29 days per decade. Bernalillo County scores 26/100 (Challenging) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
7a (0°F to 5°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
April 30
🍂 First Frost
October 14
📅 Growing Season
167 days
⛰️ Elevation
4,326 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
16.3 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 in | 2 days | — | None |
| Feb | 0.8 in | 2 days | — | None |
| Mar | 0.8 in | 2 days | 3.5 in | Critical |
| Apr | 0.5 in | 1 days | 3.8 in | Critical |
| May | 0.3 in | 1 days | 4 in | Critical |
| Jun | 0.6 in | 1 days | 3.7 in | Critical |
| Jul | 3.1 in | 7 days | 1.2 in | Moderate |
| Aug | 3.2 in | 8 days | 1.1 in | Moderate |
| Sep | 2.3 in | 4 days | 2 in | High |
| Oct | 1.4 in | 3 days | 2.9 in | High |
| Nov | 1 in | 1 days | — | None |
| Dec | 1.2 in | 2 days | — | None |
Annual total: 16.2 in. Gardens typically need ~1 inch of water per week during the growing season. Months marked "None" for extra water are outside the active growing season for your zone — most gardens are dormant and don't need irrigation during those months.
Bernalillo County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH
6.8-8.2
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | May 30 | Nov 11 | 165 days |
| Cautious | May 12 | Oct 27 | 168 days |
| Average year | Apr 30 | Oct 14 | 167 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 16 | Oct 3 | 170 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Mar 27 | Sep 22 | 179 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±63 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting longer here (about 8.3 days per decade). Spring is arriving earlier than it used to. Good news for gardeners.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Bernalillo County has challenging growing conditions. Season extension and careful variety selection are essential.
Local Gardening Help in Bernalillo County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Bernalillo County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Bernalillo County New Mexico State University Extension Extension Office
Phone: 575-646-3015
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Bernalillo County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Bernalillo County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Bernalillo County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Bernalillo County NM" or "garden center Bernalillo County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Bernalillo County NM" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Bernalillo County Gardeners" or "New Mexico Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
14.3 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.7 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
13.1 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Day-neutral onion varieties like Candy, Cabernet, and Sierra Blanca perform best in your day-length range.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.9 hr | 6.9 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.7 hr | 7.8 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 8.8 hr | Short day |
| April | 12.9 hr | 10.1 hr | Neutral |
| May | 13.8 hr | 11.2 hr | Neutral |
| June | 14.3 hr | 13.1 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.1 hr | 10.3 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.3 hr | 9.9 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 9.3 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11.1 hr | 9.3 hr | Short day |
| November | 10.1 hr | 7.7 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.7 hr | 6.7 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jun through Sep.
Best Month to Compost
Jun
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
6 months
Solid season. Piles go dormant in winter.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26°F | 33°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 26°F | 32°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 33°F | 39°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 45°F | 46°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| May | 56°F | 55°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jun | 67°F | 61°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 76°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 75°F | 72°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 70°F | 68°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 57°F | 60°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Nov | 45°F | 49°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Dec | 34°F | 39°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Bernalillo County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Low disease risk — dry conditions reduce fungal problems.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash vine borers | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul |
| Stink bugs | High | May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Whiteflies | Low | Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Spider mites | Moderate | Jul, Aug |
Organic pest management tips
- Maintain healthy soil with regular compost additions to build natural pest resistance
- Practice crop rotation annually to break pest cycles
- Encourage beneficial insects with flowering herbs like dill, fennel, and yarrow
Cover Crops for Bernalillo County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Fall Cover Crops (7 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 16 | Apr 16 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Aug 10 | Apr 16 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Sep 3 | Apr 9 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Jul 19 | Apr 9 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Sep 2 | Apr 16 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 20 | Apr 16 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 12 | Apr 16 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Spring Cover Crops (4 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | May 11 | Aug 19 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Cowpeas (southern peas) | May 9 | Aug 19 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer for warm climates, edible |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | May 3 | Aug 12 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Mar 31 | Aug 5 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 20 | Sep 30 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 12 mph Summer: 9 mph
Fall: 9 mph Winter: 11 mph
Prevailing wind: SW. Moderate wind — consider a temporary windbreak for young seedlings.
Windbreak Benefit
4.5/10
Moderately beneficial — a simple fence or trellis can protect delicate crops from wind stress.
Frost Pocket Risk
High
Hilly terrain with 1,144 ft of elevation range — cold air pools in low spots. Avoid planting frost-sensitive crops in valleys.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
8,074 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
8 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 2,000 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 16.2 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 8,074 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- In your dry climate, every drop counts — consider a larger cistern system
- Position collection tanks in shade to reduce evaporation and algae growth
Soil & Growing Conditions in Bernalillo County
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH 6.8–8.2 · Excessively Drained drainage
Raised beds strongly recommended here — native soil drainage or texture limits in-ground options.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 9.5/10
Very high drought stress. Irrigation is critical for garden success. Focus on water-efficient techniques and drought-adapted crops.
Season Tips
167-day frost-free season
Start warm-season crops indoors and focus on short-season varieties. Cold frames extend your season by 3–4 weeks in fall.
Free Garden Planner
Plan your entire garden season — organize planting dates, track what you're growing, and know exactly when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest.
Recommended for Your Garden
Retain moisture and nutrients in sandy soils with expanded vermiculite.
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Bernalillo County
113 vegetables that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Bernalillo County.
Show all 113 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 6 – Sep 10 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Oct 1 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | May 14 | Sep 17 – Nov 26 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | May 14 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Apr 16 | — | Jun 11 – Jul 9 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Aug 20 – Oct 15 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Aug 27 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | May 7 | — | Aug 6 – Sep 24 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 16 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 2 – Aug 13 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 16 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 30 – Sep 24 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Sep 17 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 6 – Oct 1 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | May 14 | Sep 17 – Oct 29 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Apr 16 | — | Jun 18 – Jul 23 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 27 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Aug 13 – Sep 17 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 23 – Sep 17 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 2 – Aug 13 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 13 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Sep 17 – Nov 26 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 23 – Sep 3 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 2 – Aug 13 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Jul 23 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 6 – Sep 10 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 27 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | May 7 | — | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | May 7 | — | Jul 9 – Aug 20 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | May 14 – Jun 4 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 2 – Jul 30 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Apr 16 | — | Sep 17 – Nov 19 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Apr 16 | — | Jun 11 – Jul 9 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 6 – Sep 10 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | May 7 | — | Jul 23 – Sep 3 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 26 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Sep 24 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 18 – Jul 23 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Jul 23 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 16 – Aug 27 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Aug 27 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | May 7 | — | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | May 14 | Sep 17 – Nov 26 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 26 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Oct 29 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 27 – Oct 1 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Sep 17 – Nov 26 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Sep 10 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 18 – Jul 16 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 20 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | May 7 | — | Aug 6 – Sep 10 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 18 – Jul 23 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Jul 9 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 30 – Oct 15 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 23 – Sep 3 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Aug 13 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | May 7 | — | Jul 9 – Aug 20 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 27 – Oct 29 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Oct 29 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 16 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Aug 6 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Sep 10 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | May 7 – Jun 4 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 18 – Aug 13 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Jul 2 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Jul 30 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Aug 6 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 30 – Sep 17 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 9 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Apr 16 | — | Jul 30 – Sep 10 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 2 – Jul 30 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 20 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 26 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Sep 24 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Oct 1 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Oct 1 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 16 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 2 – Aug 6 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Apr 16 | — | May 14 – Jun 4 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 21 | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 16 – Aug 27 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Apr 16 | — | Jul 9 – Aug 13 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Apr 16 | — | Jul 30 – Sep 10 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Jul 23 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Aug 20 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jul 30 – Sep 17 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 3 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 25 – Aug 20 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | May 7 | — | Jul 30 – Sep 24 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Sep 10 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 2 – Sep 3 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 6 – Oct 1 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | May 14 | Sep 3 – Oct 29 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Sep 10 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | May 7 | — | Jul 9 – Aug 20 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Oct 1 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 4 – Jul 9 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Sep 24 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 16 – Sep 24 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Apr 16 | — | May 28 – Jul 2 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 30 | Jun 11 – Jul 16 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 23 – Sep 10 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | May 7 | — | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Aug 13 – Oct 1 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Aug 20 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Apr 2 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Bernalillo County
31 fruits that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Bernalillo County.
Show all 31 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 21 | Aug 20 – Dec 3 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 21 | Jul 30 – Sep 3 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 21 | Jul 30 – Sep 24 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 21 | Aug 13 – Sep 24 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Kiwi | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Loquat | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1825 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | May 21 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 21 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 21 | Aug 20 – Dec 31 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Bernalillo County
39 herbs that grow well in Zone 7a with planting dates for Bernalillo County.
Show all 39 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jul 23 – Oct 8 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 10 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | May 7 | Aug 6 – Oct 22 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 18 – Aug 6 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 10 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 25 – Sep 3 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Aug 6 – Oct 8 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | May 7 | Sep 10 – Dec 17 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 25 – Sep 3 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | May 7 | Aug 6 – Oct 22 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | May 7 | Jul 23 – Sep 17 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | May 7 | Jul 16 – Sep 17 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | May 7 | Aug 6 – Dec 17 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Aug 27 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | May 7 | Jul 16 – Sep 17 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | May 7 | Jul 16 – Sep 17 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 25 – Aug 27 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | May 7 | Jul 30 – Dec 17 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | May 7 | Jul 16 – Sep 17 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | May 7 | Jul 23 – Sep 17 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | May 7 | Jul 2 – Aug 27 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 26 | Apr 16 | Apr 23 | Jun 4 – Aug 6 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | May 7 | Jul 9 – Sep 17 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Mar 12 | May 7 | May 14 | Jul 9 – Sep 10 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | May 7 | Jul 16 – Sep 17 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | May 7 | Sep 10 – Dec 17 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | May 7 | Aug 6 – Oct 22 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Bernalillo County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Bernalillo County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Bernalillo County, NM?
Bernalillo County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 7a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Bernalillo County, NM?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Bernalillo County falls around April 30. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between March 27 and May 30 — a 63-day window of variability. Use May 30 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Bernalillo County, NM?
The median first fall frost in Bernalillo County arrives around October 14. In cold years it can arrive as early as September 22; in mild years as late as November 11. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Bernalillo County?
Bernalillo County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 167 days. This is enough time for most warm-season crops including tomatoes, peppers, and squash with proper timing. Climate records show the growing season is trending longer by about 8.29 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Bernalillo County for gardening?
Bernalillo County has predominantly Sandy Loam soil with a pH range of 6.8–8.2 and Excessively Drained drainage. The native soil conditions make raised beds a particularly good investment here — they let you control drainage and fertility independent of the ground soil.
What is grown commercially in Bernalillo County?
Bernalillo County has commercial agriculture that includes Cattle, Hay, Cotton. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Bernalillo County a good location for home gardening?
Bernalillo County scores 26/100 (Challenging) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Gardening here benefits from close attention to frost timing and season extension due to the challenging microclimate factors.
Plan Your Garden with Confidence
Get our free Garden Planner — designed to help Bernalillo County gardeners in Zone 7a organize planting dates, track what's growing, and never miss a planting window.
Get Your Free Garden Planner →Free download. Plan your entire garden season in minutes.
