Polk County, NE — Planting Guide
Polk County is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is April 24 and the first fall frost is October 10, giving you a growing season of approximately 169 days.
At an elevation of 668 ft, Polk County receives approximately 31.5 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 87°F with winter lows around 16°F. The predominant soil type is Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 28 days year to year — ranging from April 13 in warm years to May 11 in cold years. The growing season is trending shorter by about 1.17 days per decade. Polk County scores 66/100 (Good) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
5a (-20°F to -15°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
April 24
🍂 First Frost
October 10
📅 Growing Season
169 days
⛰️ Elevation
668 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
31.5 in
Monthly Watering Calendar
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0.9 in | 4 days | — | None |
| Feb | 1.1 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Mar | 1.8 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Apr | 3.1 in | 7 days | 1.2 in | Moderate |
| May | 5.1 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Jun | 5.2 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 3.7 in | 7 days | 0.6 in | Moderate |
| Aug | 3.8 in | 7 days | 0.5 in | Low |
| Sep | 2.7 in | 6 days | 1.6 in | High |
| Oct | 2.1 in | 4 days | 2.2 in | High |
| Nov | 1.2 in | 4 days | — | None |
| Dec | 0.9 in | 3 days | — | None |
Annual total: 31.6 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Polk County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH
6.8-7.8
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | May 11 | Oct 24 | 166 days |
| Cautious | Apr 30 | Oct 15 | 168 days |
| Average year | Apr 24 | Oct 10 | 169 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 17 | Oct 6 | 172 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Apr 13 | Sep 25 | 165 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±28 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting shorter here (about 1.2 days per decade). Use the "Conservative" dates and choose fast-maturing varieties.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Polk County offers good growing conditions. A little planning around frost dates goes a long way.
Local Gardening Help in Polk County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Polk County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Polk County University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Extension Office
Phone: 402-472-2966
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Polk County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Polk County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Polk County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Polk County NE" or "garden center Polk County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Polk County NE" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Polk County Gardeners" or "Nebraska Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Longest Day
15 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
10.4 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.3 hr | 5.4 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.4 hr | 6.2 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 7.2 hr | Short day |
| April | 13.1 hr | 8.2 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.3 hr | 8.6 hr | Long day |
| June | 15 hr | 10 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.7 hr | 10.4 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.7 hr | 9.4 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.3 hr | 8.7 hr | Neutral |
| October | 10.9 hr | 7.1 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.6 hr | 5.6 hr | Short day |
| December | 9 hr | 5.1 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting Calendar
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from May through Sep.
Best Month to Compost
Jun
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
6 months
Solid season. Piles go dormant in winter.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25°F | 32°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 25°F | 30°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 31°F | 34°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 45°F | 44°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| May | 60°F | 55°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jun | 70°F | 65°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 76°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 79°F | 74°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 70°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 59°F | 60°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Nov | 44°F | 49°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Dec | 32°F | 38°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Polk County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Low disease risk — dry conditions reduce fungal problems.
Seasonal Risk
View 5 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash bugs | Low | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Tomato hornworms | Low | Jul, Aug |
| Cabbage loopers | Low | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
Organic pest management tips
- Use row covers on susceptible crops during peak pest months
- Apply neem oil preventatively every 7-14 days during active pest season
- Interplant with strong-scented herbs (basil, marigold) to confuse pests
- Hand-pick larger pests (beetles, caterpillars) in early morning when they're sluggish
- Practice crop rotation — never plant the same family in the same spot within 3 years
Cover Crops for Polk County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with county-specific planting dates.
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Apr 29 | Aug 15 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | May 7 | Aug 8 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Mar 28 | Aug 15 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 24 | Sep 12 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (6 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 7 | Apr 3 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Daikon radish | Aug 16 | Apr 3 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Aug 2 | Apr 3 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Sep 11 | Apr 10 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 12 | Apr 10 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 10 | Apr 3 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 17 mph Summer: 13 mph
Fall: 14 mph Winter: 15 mph
Prevailing wind: S. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the S side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
8.7/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (203 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Annual Collection
15,749 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 2,000 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
May, Jun, Jul, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Jan, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 31.6 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 15,749 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
Soil & Growing Conditions in Polk County
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH 6.8–7.8 · Well Drained drainage
Native soil is well-suited to most vegetables and herbs with regular compost additions.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 5.5/10
Moderate drought pressure. Drip irrigation and mulching are highly recommended to maintain soil moisture through summer.
Season Tips
169-day frost-free season
Start warm-season crops indoors and focus on short-season varieties. Cold frames extend your season by 3–4 weeks in fall.
Free Garden Planner
Plan your entire garden season — organize planting dates, track what you're growing, and know exactly when to start seeds, transplant, and harvest.
Recommended for Your Garden
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
Get instant, accurate soil pH readings to fine-tune your amendments.
Boost soil fertility and structure with rich, well-aged organic compost.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Polk County
106 vegetables that grow well in Zone 5a with planting dates for Polk County.
Show all 106 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 31 – Sep 4 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 25 | 90–120 |
| Arugula | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | May 8 | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Apr 10 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 3 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Aug 14 – Oct 9 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Aug 21 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | May 1 | — | Jul 31 – Sep 18 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 26 – Aug 7 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 24 – Sep 18 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 11 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 31 – Sep 25 | 80–120 |
| Carrots | — | Apr 10 | — | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 21 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Aug 7 – Sep 11 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 17 – Sep 11 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 26 – Aug 7 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 50–60 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 17 – Aug 28 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 26 – Aug 7 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Jul 17 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 31 – Sep 4 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 21 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | May 1 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | May 1 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 14 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 8 – May 29 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jun 26 – Jul 24 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Apr 10 | — | Sep 11 – Sep 25 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Apr 10 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 3 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 31 – Sep 4 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | May 1 | — | Jul 17 – Aug 28 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 13 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Sep 18 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Jul 17 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 10 – Aug 21 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Aug 21 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | — | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | May 1 | — | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | May 8 | Sep 11 – Oct 23 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 13 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Oct 23 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 21 – Sep 25 | 100–120 |
| Kabocha | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 4 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 12 – Jul 10 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 14 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | May 1 | — | Jul 31 – Sep 4 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jul 3 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 24 – Oct 9 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 17 – Aug 28 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Aug 7 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | May 1 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 14 | 60–90 |
| Mache | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 40–60 |
| Melon | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Sep 4 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 1 – May 29 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Aug 7 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jun 26 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Jul 24 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Jul 31 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 24 – Sep 11 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 3 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Apr 10 | — | Jul 24 – Sep 4 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jun 26 – Jul 24 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 14 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 13 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Sep 18 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Sep 25 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 25 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 26 – Jul 31 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Apr 10 | — | May 8 – May 29 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 10 – Aug 21 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Apr 10 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 7 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Apr 10 | — | Jul 24 – Sep 4 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Jul 17 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Aug 14 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jul 24 – Sep 11 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Mar 6 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 19 – Aug 14 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | May 1 | — | Jul 24 – Sep 18 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 4 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jun 26 – Aug 28 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 31 – Sep 25 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | May 8 | Aug 28 – Oct 23 | 110–150 |
| Sunflower | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Sep 4 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Corn | — | May 1 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 14 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 25 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | May 29 – Jul 3 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Sep 18 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 10 – Sep 18 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Apr 10 | — | May 22 – Jun 26 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 24 | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 17 – Sep 4 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | May 1 | — | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Aug 7 – Sep 25 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Feb 27 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Aug 14 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 20 | May 1 | May 8 | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Polk County
27 fruits that grow well in Zone 5a with planting dates for Polk County.
Show all 27 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 15 | Aug 14 – Oct 30 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 15 | Jul 24 – Aug 28 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 15 | Jul 24 – Sep 18 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 15 | Aug 7 – Sep 18 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–2555 |
| Quince | — | — | May 15 | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 15 | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 15 | Aug 14 – Oct 30 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Polk County
37 herbs that grow well in Zone 5a with planting dates for Polk County.
Show all 37 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jul 17 – Oct 2 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Mar 6 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Sep 4 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | May 1 | Jul 31 – Oct 16 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jun 12 – Jul 31 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 4 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jun 19 – Aug 28 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jul 31 – Oct 2 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 40–60 |
| Echinacea | — | — | May 1 | Sep 4 – Oct 16 | 120–180 |
| Epazote | Mar 6 | May 1 | May 8 | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jun 19 – Aug 28 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | May 1 | Jul 31 – Oct 16 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | May 1 | Jul 17 – Sep 11 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | May 1 | Jul 10 – Sep 11 | 70–90 |
| Lavender | — | — | May 1 | Jul 31 – Oct 16 | 90–200 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Aug 21 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | May 1 | Jul 10 – Sep 11 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | May 1 | Jul 10 – Sep 11 | 70–90 |
| Mint | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | Jun 19 – Aug 21 | 60–80 |
| Rue | — | — | May 1 | Jul 10 – Sep 11 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | May 1 | Jul 17 – Sep 11 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | May 1 | Jun 26 – Aug 21 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 20 | Apr 10 | Apr 17 | May 29 – Jul 31 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | May 1 | Jul 3 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Mar 6 | May 1 | May 8 | Jul 3 – Sep 4 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | May 1 | Jul 10 – Sep 11 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | May 1 | Sep 4 – Oct 16 | 120–180 |
| Yarrow | — | — | May 1 | Jul 31 – Oct 16 | 90–120 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Polk County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Polk County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Polk County, NE?
Polk County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Polk County, NE?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Polk County falls around April 24. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between April 13 and May 11 — a 28-day window of variability. Use May 11 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Polk County, NE?
The median first fall frost in Polk County arrives around October 10. In cold years it can arrive as early as September 25; in mild years as late as October 24. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Polk County?
Polk County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 169 days. This is enough time for most warm-season crops including tomatoes, peppers, and squash with proper timing. Climate records show the growing season is trending shorter by about 1.17 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Polk County for gardening?
Polk County has predominantly Loam soil with a pH range of 6.8–7.8 and Well Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Polk County?
Polk County has commercial agriculture that includes Corn, Wheat, Soybeans, Cattle, Hay. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Polk County a good location for home gardening?
Polk County scores 66/100 (Good) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Conditions here are moderate — most common crops grow well with standard timing and care.
Plan Your Garden with Confidence
Get our free Garden Planner — designed to help Polk County gardeners in Zone 5a organize planting dates, track what's growing, and never miss a planting window.
Get Your Free Garden Planner →Free download. Plan your entire garden season in minutes.
