Carleton, NE — Planting Guide for June
Free PDF, personalized for your town's frost dates & climate. Drop your email — we'll send the link.
Carleton, NE gardeners: here's your June plan
We've pulled the most time-sensitive tasks for Carleton, NE this June and put them front and centre. Tackle them in order.
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Begin indoor sowing: basil, peppers, and pole beans
Bottom-water once the first true leaves appear — it keeps stems dry and knocks back damping-off.
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It's harvest week for basil, carrots, and cucumber
Morning harvests are best — cooler temperatures mean crisper produce and longer fridge life.
July prep starts now
- First harvests: basil, carrots, and cucumber
Carleton has a classic four-season growing climate (Zone 6a). The last spring frost typically lands around April 21 and the first fall frost arrives around October 14 — a 176-day frost-free season that's long enough for tomatoes, peppers, melons, and a full succession of cool-weather crops on either side. The trick is timing: start warm-season seedlings indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost, harden them off, and plant out the week after your local frost date is statistically safe.
Soils trend Loam — the gold standard for vegetables. Add 2–3" of compost annually to maintain it and you'll outgrow most of your neighbors.
Carleton averages 30.3 drought weeks per year (US Drought Monitor, 2000–present, trend stable). Treat irrigation as a year-round system, not a summer add-on.
🌡️ USDA Zone
6a (-10°F to -5°F min)
❄️ Avg. Last Frost
April 21
🍂 Avg. First Frost
October 14
📅 Growing Season
176 days
🌧️ Climate
Moderate 29.0" annual
💨 Wind
Unknown 0.0 mph avg
🥶 Frost Tier
Regular 0% frost-free years
🏜️ Drought
30.3 wk/yr trend stable
📍 ZIP Codes
1 ZIP
Monthly Watering Calendar for Carleton
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
For new gardeners: In humid climates, watering is usually about timing (morning, not evening, to prevent disease) more than volume. In dry climates, it's about depth (water deep, less often) more than frequency. Carleton's 29" annual tells you which side you're on.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0.7 in | 4 days | — | None |
| Feb | 0.9 in | 5 days | — | None |
| Mar | 1.8 in | 6 days | — | None |
| Apr | 3.3 in | 8 days | 1 in | Moderate |
| May | 3.8 in | 10 days | 0.5 in | Low |
| Jun | 4.6 in | 8 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 3.8 in | 8 days | 0.5 in | Low |
| Aug | 3.1 in | 6 days | 1.2 in | Moderate |
| Sep | 2.2 in | 6 days | 2.1 in | High |
| Oct | 1.6 in | 5 days | 2.7 in | High |
| Nov | 1 in | 3 days | — | None |
| Dec | 0.8 in | 4 days | — | None |
Annual total: 27.6 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Carleton Soil Profile
Soil Type
Loam
Soil pH
6.6-7.6
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | May 3 | Oct 27 | 177 days |
| Cautious | Apr 26 | Oct 22 | 179 days |
| Average year | Apr 21 | Oct 14 | 176 days |
| Optimistic | Apr 14 | Oct 10 | 179 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Apr 8 | Oct 3 | 178 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±25 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Slightly — seasons are trending a bit longer (0.7 days/decade). Historical frost dates are still reliable for planning.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Thayer County offers good growing conditions. A little planning around frost dates goes a long way.
Local Gardening Help in Thayer County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Thayer County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Thayer County University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension Extension Office
Phone: 402-472-2966
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Thayer County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Thayer County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Thayer County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Thayer County NE" or "garden center Thayer County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Thayer County NE" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Thayer County Gardeners" or "Nebraska Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length in Carleton
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
What this means for you: Day length triggers flowering in many crops. Some need short days (sweet potatoes), some long (most flowers), and some are day-neutral (most modern tomatoes). Carleton's latitude determines which varieties fit your beds.
Longest Day
14.8 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.2 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
11 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.4 hr | 5.3 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.5 hr | 6.2 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 6.9 hr | Short day |
| April | 13.1 hr | 8.1 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.2 hr | 8.8 hr | Long day |
| June | 14.8 hr | 10.5 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.6 hr | 11 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.6 hr | 9.7 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 8.1 hr | Neutral |
| October | 10.9 hr | 7.2 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.7 hr | 5.7 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.2 hr | 5 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting in Carleton
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
What this means for you: Soil temperature is a leading indicator. A black plastic mulch can warm soil 5-10°F faster than bare ground — meaningful in Carleton's spring if you're trying to plant tomatoes earlier.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Jun through Sep.
Best Month to Compost
Jun
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
6 months
Solid season. Piles go dormant in winter.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24°F | 32°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 23°F | 30°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 32°F | 36°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Apr | 47°F | 45°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| May | 58°F | 56°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Jun | 70°F | 64°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 78°F | 72°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 77°F | 73°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 69°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 56°F | 61°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Nov | 43°F | 48°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Dec | 32°F | 39°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Carleton
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
What this means for you: In Carleton's climate, pest pressure shapes which crops are easy and which are heartbreak. Tomatoes are easy in dry mountain air, hard in humid coast — same plant, completely different gardening experience.
Insect Pest Pressure
Moderate — common pests appear but manageable with monitoring.
Disease Risk
Low disease risk — dry conditions reduce fungal problems.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash bugs | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Tomato hornworms | Moderate | Jul, Aug |
| Cabbage loopers | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Slugs | Low | Apr, May, Jun |
Organic pest management tips
- Maintain healthy soil with regular compost additions to build natural pest resistance
- Practice crop rotation annually to break pest cycles
- Encourage beneficial insects with flowering herbs like dill, fennel, and yarrow
Cover Crops for Carleton
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with planting dates calibrated for your area.
The practical takeaway: Cover crops do four things at once: fix nitrogen (legumes), suppress weeds (any), prevent erosion, and add organic matter when chopped down. Carleton's seasonal pattern determines which species fit which gap.
Spring Cover Crops (3 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Apr 30 | Aug 12 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Apr 27 | Aug 19 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Mar 25 | Aug 12 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | May 21 | Sep 30 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (6 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Aug 3 | Mar 31 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Daikon radish | Aug 27 | Mar 31 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Jul 25 | Apr 7 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Sep 3 | Mar 31 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Jul 24 | Mar 31 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Jul 9 | Mar 31 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate in Carleton
For new gardeners: Pollinators avoid windy days. Carleton's 0.0 mph average wind isn't enough to stop bees and butterflies — but plant fruiting crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) in protected microclimates and you'll see noticeably better fruit set.
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 17 mph Summer: 12 mph
Fall: 13 mph Winter: 15 mph
Prevailing wind: S. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the S side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
9/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (371 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting in Carleton
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
For new gardeners: A single rain barrel under a downspout catches 50 gallons in a 0.5" storm. Carleton's 29" annual rainfall means even modest harvesting systems quickly amortize their cost in water savings.
Annual Collection
13,755 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
7 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 2,000 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Apr, May, Jun, Jul
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Jan, Feb, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 27.6 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 13,755 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Stock up on stored water before your dry season (Jan, Feb, Dec)
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Carleton
107 vegetables matched to Zone 6a with planting dates calibrated for Carleton.
Show all 107 vegetables with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 22 | 90–120 |
| Arugula | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | May 5 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jun 30 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Aug 11 – Oct 6 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jul 28 – Sep 15 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Sep 15 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 8 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 22 | 80–120 |
| Carrots | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Jul 14 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 18 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Aug 4 – Sep 8 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 4 | 50–60 |
| Chickpeas | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 14 – Aug 25 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 23 – Aug 4 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 18 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 5 – May 26 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 21 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Sep 8 – Oct 20 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jun 30 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jul 14 – Aug 25 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Feb 10 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 15 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Jul 14 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Dec 2 – Mar 17 | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | May 5 | — | Sep 8 – Nov 17 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Feb 10 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 20 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 18 – Sep 22 | 100–120 |
| Kabocha | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 1 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Jul 7 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jul 28 – Sep 1 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Jul 14 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Oct 6 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 14 – Aug 25 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Aug 4 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 18 – Oct 20 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Oct 20 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 40–60 |
| Melon | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 1 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Apr 28 – May 26 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Aug 4 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jun 23 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Jul 21 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Jul 28 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Sep 8 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jun 30 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Sep 1 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 21 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Feb 10 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 22 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 22 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | May 5 – May 26 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 7 – Aug 18 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jun 30 – Aug 4 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Sep 1 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Jul 14 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Aug 11 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jul 21 – Sep 8 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Mar 3 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 25 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 11 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jul 21 – Sep 15 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 1 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 25 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Sep 22 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | May 5 | — | Aug 25 – Oct 20 | 110–150 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 22 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jun 30 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Apr 7 | — | Aug 5 | May 19 – Jun 23 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 21 | Aug 5 | Jun 2 – Jul 7 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 1 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Apr 28 | — | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 22 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Feb 24 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 11 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Carleton
27 fruits matched to Zone 6a with planting dates calibrated for Carleton.
Show all 27 fruits with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | May 12 | — | Aug 11 – Nov 24 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | May 12 | — | Jul 21 – Aug 25 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | May 12 | — | Jul 21 – Sep 15 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | May 12 | — | Aug 4 – Sep 15 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Medlar | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Quince | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | May 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | May 12 | — | Aug 11 – Nov 24 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Carleton
35 herbs matched to Zone 6a with planting dates calibrated for Carleton.
Show all 35 herbs with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jul 14 – Sep 29 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Mar 3 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Oct 13 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jun 9 – Jul 28 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 25 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jul 28 – Sep 29 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 40–60 |
| Epazote | Mar 3 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 25 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 28 – Oct 13 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 18 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | Jun 16 – Aug 18 | 60–80 |
| Rue | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Aug 18 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Mar 17 | Apr 7 | Apr 14 | Aug 5 | May 26 – Jul 28 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Mar 3 | Apr 28 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 1 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 8 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Apr 28 | — | Sep 1 – Nov 10 | 120–180 |
🌸 Flowers to Grow in Carleton
53 flowers matched to Zone 6a with planting dates calibrated for Carleton.
Show all 53 flowers with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Bloom | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ageratum | Mar 3 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 16 – Sep 22 | 60–75 |
| Alliums | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Sep 30 – Oct 28 | 28–42 |
| Anemones | Mar 24 | — | Apr 21 | — | May 26 – Jun 23 | 90–120 |
| Astilbe | Feb 17 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 70–100 |
| Bachelor's Button | Mar 10 | Mar 24 | Apr 21 | Sep 2 | Jun 23 – Sep 8 | 60–90 |
| Begonias | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 6 | 70–90 |
| Black-eyed Susan | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 27 | 60–80 |
| Bleeding Hearts | Feb 17 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 60–90 |
| Calendula | Mar 10 | Mar 24 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 9 – Sep 8 | 50–70 |
| California Poppy | — | Mar 24 | — | — | Jun 2 – Jul 14 | 60–90 |
| Celosia | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 13 | 60–90 |
| Columbine | Feb 17 | May 5 | May 5 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 4 | 70–100 |
| Coreopsis | Feb 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 27 | 60–80 |
| Cosmos | Mar 24 | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Oct 6 | 60–90 |
| Crocus | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Jul 22 – Aug 12 | 10–20 |
| Daffodils | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Jul 29 – Aug 19 | 20–40 |
| Dahlias | Mar 24 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 27 | 70–120 |
| Daylily | Feb 17 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 27 | 60–90 |
| Dianthus | Feb 24 | Mar 24 | Apr 7 | — | May 26 – Aug 25 | 60–80 |
| Echinacea (Purple Coneflower) | Feb 17 | May 5 | May 5 | — | Jul 28 – Nov 3 | 70–90 |
| Foxglove | Feb 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 80–120 |
| Gaillardia (Blanket Flower) | Mar 3 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Nov 10 | 70–100 |
| Geraniums | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 6 | 70–100 |
| Gladiolus | — | Apr 21 | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 20 | 70–100 |
| Hostas | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 14 – Oct 27 | 60–90 |
| Hyacinths | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Aug 19 – Sep 9 | 14–28 |
| Hydrangeas | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 90–150 |
| Impatiens | Feb 24 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 60–75 |
| Irises | — | Division | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 21 | 60–100 |
| Larkspur | — | Mar 24 | — | — | Jun 2 – Jul 28 | 60–90 |
| Lavender | Feb 10 | — | May 5 | — | Jul 14 – Sep 8 | 90–120 |
| Lilies | — | Division | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 70–120 |
| Lobelia | Feb 17 | — | Apr 7 | — | Jun 2 – Aug 25 | 70–80 |
| Lupine | Feb 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Jul 28 | 75–100 |
| Marigolds | Mar 10 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Sep 22 | 50–70 |
| Nasturtium | Mar 24 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 23 – Oct 13 | 55–65 |
| Pansy | Feb 10 | — | Apr 21 | Aug 19 | Jun 16 – Aug 18 | 70–90 |
| Peonies | — | Division | Apr 28 | — | Jun 30 – Aug 4 | 90–120 |
| Petunia | Feb 24 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 70–90 |
| Phlox | Feb 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 29 | 80–110 |
| Portulaca | Mar 17 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jun 16 – Sep 29 | 50–70 |
| Ranunculus | Mar 10 | — | Apr 21 | — | Jun 2 – Jun 30 | 90–120 |
| Roses | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 27 | 90–180 |
| Salvia | Feb 17 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 70–90 |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Feb 17 | — | Apr 28 | — | Aug 18 – Nov 3 | 60–90 |
| Snapdragon | Feb 10 | Mar 31 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 30 – Sep 8 | 70–100 |
| Sunflower | Mar 31 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 21 – Oct 13 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Alyssum | Mar 3 | Mar 31 | Apr 21 | — | Jun 2 – Aug 11 | 45–60 |
| Sweet Pea | Mar 10 | Mar 17 | Apr 21 | — | Jul 7 – Sep 15 | 65–85 |
| Tulips | — | — | — | Sep 2 | Aug 12 – Sep 9 | 15–30 |
| Vinca (Annual) | Feb 10 | — | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 70–90 |
| Yarrow | Feb 17 | Apr 21 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 27 | 60–90 |
| Zinnia | Mar 24 | Apr 28 | Apr 28 | — | Jul 7 – Oct 13 | 60–70 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Carleton
ZIP Codes in Carleton
Click any ZIP to see its specific frost, soil, and climate measurements (some ZIPs differ noticeably from the town aggregate):
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Thayer County.
Your Thayer County Garden Planner — Free
A 22-page printable planner built for Thayer County (Zone 6a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log