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When to Plant Endive in Roosevelt County, MT

Roosevelt County, Montana Zone 4a May

May in the garden — Roosevelt County, Montana

May is a pivotal month for Roosevelt County, Montana gardens. Focus on these tasks first and you'll set up the rest of the season for success.

Avg. last frost May 17
Avg. first frost September 18
Soil temp (4") 28°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 15 hrs
  1. Set out endive seedlings

    Water the tray well an hour before you transplant. Roots slide out cleanly and settle in faster.

  2. Direct-sow endive

    Sow every 2 weeks for a continuous harvest. A single big planting means a single big glut.

Get ahead of June
  • Starting indoors: endive
  • Fall sowing: endive

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Endive is a leafy green with a slightly bitter flavor, available in curly (frisee) and broad-leaved (escarole) types. It adds texture and complexity to salads.

Roosevelt County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 17 and the first fall frost is September 18, giving you a growing season of approximately 124 days.

At an elevation of 7,123 feet, Roosevelt County receives approximately 19.8 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 78°F, so choose short-season varieties of Endive to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Endive successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Roosevelt County, MT (Zone 4a) Short season
124 days
Last Spring Frost May 17
124 growing days
First Fall Frost September 18

Roosevelt County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.7-7.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (39 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 1 Transplant: May 13 🍅 Harvest: Jul 1 – Aug 5
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (40 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 5 Transplant: May 17 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Aug 9
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (35 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 22 Transplant: Jun 3 🍅 Harvest: Jul 22 – Aug 26

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Roosevelt County

How your county's soil matches Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.7–7.7) is more alkaline than Endive prefers (5.5–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Roosevelt County is excellent for Endive — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.7%). Annual compost additions will help Endive.

How to Plant Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Endive

3
successive plantings in your 124-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 15 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jun 26.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
0.0″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 39 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Endive

Endive needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3" 2.3" 0.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 3" 1.5" 1.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3" 1.6" 1.4" 💧 Light watering
Aug 3" 1.9" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3" 1.7" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Oct 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Roosevelt County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Endive needs ~468 GDD — county provides 1,054 GDD Excellent fit

Endive Planting Timeline — Roosevelt County, MT

Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 5 Apr 5 – Apr 19
Transplant Outdoors May 17 May 17 – May 31
Direct Sow May 10 May 10 – May 31
Harvest July 5 Jul 5 – Aug 9
Fall Sowing June 26 Jun 26 – Jul 10

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Fall Sowing
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

124 days in Roosevelt County

Growing Tips for Endive in Roosevelt County

Direct sow Endive outdoors after May 17 in Roosevelt County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly in spring or fall. Blanch heads by tying outer leaves together 2-3 weeks before harvest to reduce bitterness. Keep soil evenly moist.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Endive in Roosevelt County, MT?

Roosevelt County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 17. Plan your Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Roosevelt County, MT?

Roosevelt County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 17 and first fall frost is September 18.

🌱

Your Roosevelt County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Roosevelt County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Roosevelt County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

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