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When to Plant Arugula in Phillips County, MT

Phillips County, Montana Zone 3b May

Phillips County, Montana gardeners: here's your May plan

Welcome to May in Zone 3b. These are the moves that will have the biggest impact on your growing season.

Avg. last frost May 18
Avg. first frost September 21
Soil temp (4") 35°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 15 hrs
  1. Get arugula in the ground

    Bring a watering can to the bed. Each transplant gets a drink the moment it's in the ground, not ten minutes later.

  2. Sow arugula where they'll grow

    Rake a smooth bed, make a shallow furrow, drop seeds at the spacing on the packet, water gently, walk away.

Before June arrives, get these ready
  • Starting indoors: arugula
  • First harvests: arugula
  • Fall sowing: arugula

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Arugula is a fast-growing cool-season green with a peppery, nutty flavor. It is excellent in salads and can be harvested as baby greens or mature leaves.

Phillips County, Montana is in USDA Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is May 18 and the first fall frost is September 21, giving you a growing season of approximately 126 days.

At an elevation of 6,886 feet, Phillips County receives approximately 19 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Arugula to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Arugula successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Phillips County, MT (Zone 3b) Short season
126 days
Last Spring Frost May 18
126 growing days
First Fall Frost September 21

Phillips County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.7-7.6

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (26 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 31 Transplant: May 12 🍅 Harvest: Jun 16 – Aug 18
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (28 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 6 Transplant: May 18 🍅 Harvest: Jun 22 – Aug 24
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (29 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 19 Transplant: May 31 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Sep 6

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Phillips County

How your county's soil matches Arugula's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.7–7.6) is more alkaline than Arugula prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Phillips County is excellent for Arugula — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.4%). Annual compost additions will help Arugula.

How to Plant Arugula

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Arugula

5
successive plantings in your 126-day season

Sow every 3.4 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 02 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jun 29.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.6″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Arugula

Arugula needs approximately 0.6 inches of water per week (2.6" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Arugula Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 2.6" 2.4" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jun 2.6" 1.4" 1.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 2.6" 1.6" 1" 💧 Light watering
Aug 2.6" 2" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Sep 2.6" 1.4" 1.2" 💧 Light watering
Oct 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Phillips County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Arugula Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Arugula needs ~400 GDD — county provides 1,260 GDD Excellent fit

Arugula Planting Timeline — Phillips County, MT

Arugula Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 6 Apr 6 – Apr 20
Transplant Outdoors May 18 May 18 – Jun 1
Direct Sow May 11 May 11 – Jun 1
Harvest June 22 Jun 22 – Aug 24
Fall Sowing June 29 Jun 29 – Jul 13

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow Fall Sowing Harvest
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.6"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

30–50 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 3b

📆 Growing Season

126 days in Phillips County

Growing Tips for Arugula in Phillips County

Direct sow Arugula outdoors after May 18 in Phillips County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 126.0-day season in Phillips County allows multiple plantings of Arugula. Sow every 15.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Arugula in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly every 2-3 weeks for continuous harvest. Provide afternoon shade in warm weather to prevent bolting. Harvest outer leaves first to extend production.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Arugula in Phillips County, MT?

Phillips County is in Zone 3b with an average last frost of May 18. Plan your Arugula planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Phillips County, MT?

Phillips County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is May 18 and first fall frost is September 21.

🌱

Your Phillips County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Phillips County (Zone 3b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Phillips County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.