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When to Plant Peas in Petroleum County, MT

Petroleum County, Montana Zone 4b May

Your May game plan for Petroleum County, Montana

Each item below is timed to Petroleum County, Montana's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost May 18
Avg. first frost September 24
Soil temp (4") 30°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
  1. Set out peas seedlings

    Pick a cloudy afternoon or evening to plant. Less transplant shock, and your seedlings will barely blink.

  2. Sow peas where they'll grow

    Mark the row. Birds and stray feet both have opinions about unmarked beds.

June will be here before you know it — start on
  • Starting indoors: peas

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Peas are a cool-season legume that fixes nitrogen in the soil. Garden peas are shelled, while snap and snow peas are eaten pod and all.

Petroleum County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 18 and the first fall frost is September 24, giving you a growing season of approximately 129 days.

At an elevation of 8,358 feet, Petroleum County receives approximately 13.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 81°F, so choose short-season varieties of Peas to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Peas successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Petroleum County, MT (Zone 4b) Short season
129 days
Last Spring Frost May 18
129 growing days
First Fall Frost September 24
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Petroleum County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.8-8.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (20 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 30 Transplant: May 11 🍅 Harvest: Jul 6 – Aug 31
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (17 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 6 Transplant: May 18 🍅 Harvest: Jul 13 – Sep 7
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (20 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 18 Transplant: May 30 🍅 Harvest: Jul 25 – Sep 19

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Petroleum County

How your county's soil matches Peas's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.8–8.2) overlaps with Peas's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Petroleum County is excellent for Peas — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Peas.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.7%). Annual compost additions will help Peas.

How to Plant Peas

1"
Planting Depth
4"
Between Plants
18"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Peas

2
successive plantings in your 129-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 16 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 02.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.5″/week
You supply
0.6″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 639 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Peas

Peas needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Peas Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3" 1.8" 1.2" 💧 Light watering
Jun 3" 0.9" 2.1" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3" 1.2" 1.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 3" 1.5" 1.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 3" 1.2" 1.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Petroleum County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Peas Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Peas needs ~672 GDD — county provides 1,386 GDD Excellent fit

Peas Planting Timeline — Petroleum County, MT

Peas Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 6 Apr 6 – Apr 20
Transplant Outdoors May 18 May 18 – Jun 1
Direct Sow May 11 May 11 – Jun 1
Harvest July 13 Jul 13 – Sep 7
Fall Sowing July 2 Jul 2 – Jul 16

Plant 1" deep · 4" apart · Rows 18" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

55–70 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

129 days in Petroleum County

Growing Tips for Peas in Petroleum County

Direct sow Peas outdoors after May 18 in Petroleum County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Peas in this region include bean beetles and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow as early as soil can be worked in spring. Inoculate seeds with rhizobium for best nitrogen fixation. Provide trellising for climbing varieties.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Onion
  • Garlic

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Peas Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Let pods dry brown and papery on the vine.
Storage Store airtight; viable 3 years at 35°F, under 45% humidity.

Very easy to save. Self-pollinating means varieties stay true.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Peas in Petroleum County, MT?

Petroleum County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 18. Plan your Peas planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Petroleum County, MT?

Petroleum County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 18 and first fall frost is September 24.

🌱

Your Petroleum County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Petroleum County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Petroleum County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.