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When to Plant Basil in Lincoln County, MT

Lincoln County, Montana Zone 5a May

What to do in May

Welcome to May in Zone 5a. These are the moves that will have the biggest impact on your growing season.

Avg. last frost May 16
Avg. first frost September 23
Soil temp (4") 37°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 15 hrs
  1. Plant out basil

    Frost risk is low now in Lincoln County, Montana. If you've been covering beds overnight, you can stop.

  2. Plant basil from seed, right in the garden

    Keep the top inch of soil moist until germination — a gentle morning watering for 5–7 days does the job.

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Basil is a fragrant warm-season herb essential to Italian and Thai cuisines. It comes in many varieties including sweet, Thai, purple, and lemon types.

Lincoln County, Montana is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 16 and the first fall frost is September 23, giving you a growing season of approximately 130 days.

At an elevation of 6,794 feet, Lincoln County receives approximately 18.1 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 86°F, providing good warmth for Basil during the growing season. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Basil successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Lincoln County, MT (Zone 5a) Short season
130 days
Last Spring Frost May 16
130 growing days
First Fall Frost September 23
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Lincoln County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.8-7.7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (2 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 17 Transplant: May 19 🍅 Harvest: Jul 14 – Sep 15
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 28 Transplant: May 30 🍅 Harvest: Jul 25 – Sep 26
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 21 Transplant: Jun 23 🍅 Harvest: Aug 18 – Oct 20

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Lincoln County

How your county's soil matches Basil's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.8–7.7) is more alkaline than Basil prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Lincoln County is excellent for Basil — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.6%). Annual compost additions will help Basil.

How to Plant Basil

0.5"
Planting Depth
8"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Succession Planting Basil

3
successive plantings in your 130-day season

Sow every 5.7 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 10 to harvest before frost.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.6″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.0″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 21 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Basil

Basil needs approximately 0.6 inches of water per week (2.6" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Basil Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 2.6" 2.1" 0.5" 💧 Light watering
Jun 2.6" 1.2" 1.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 2.6" 1.8" 0.8" 💧 Light watering
Aug 2.6" 1.6" 1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 2.6" 1.5" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Oct 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Lincoln County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Basil Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Basil needs ~906 GDD — county provides 1,885 GDD Excellent fit

Basil Planting Timeline — Lincoln County, MT

Basil Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 28 Mar 28 – Apr 11
Transplant Outdoors May 30 May 30 – Jun 13
Direct Sow May 23 May 23 – Jun 13
Harvest July 25 Jul 25 – Sep 26

Plant 0.5" deep · 8" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.6"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

50–75 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

130 days in Lincoln County

Growing Tips for Basil in Lincoln County

Direct sow Basil outdoors after May 16 in Lincoln County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors or direct sow after last frost. Pinch flower buds to extend leaf production. Harvest leaves from the top down, cutting just above a leaf pair.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Rue
  • Sage

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Basil Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Let flower spikes dry brown on the plant.
Storage Store airtight; viable 5 years at 35°F, under 45% humidity.

Isolate 150 ft between varieties. Different basil species can cross.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Basil in Lincoln County, MT?

Lincoln County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of May 16. Plan your Basil planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Lincoln County, MT?

Lincoln County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 16 and first fall frost is September 23.

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Your Lincoln County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Lincoln County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Lincoln County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.