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When to Plant Kidney Beans in Judith Basin County, MT

Judith Basin County, Montana Zone 4b May

This month in Judith Basin County, Montana

A quick May briefing for Judith Basin County, Montana gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost May 23
Avg. first frost September 19
Soil temp (4") 36°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
June prep starts now
  • Direct-sowing: kidney beans

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Kidney beans are a popular dry bean variety named for their shape, available in red and white types. They are the classic bean for chili and red beans and rice.

Judith Basin County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 23 and the first fall frost is September 19, giving you a growing season of approximately 119 days.

At an elevation of 6,308 feet, Judith Basin County receives approximately 17.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Kidney Beans to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Kidney Beans successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Judith Basin County, MT (Zone 4b) Short season
119 days
Last Spring Frost May 23
119 growing days
First Fall Frost September 19

Judith Basin County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.5-8.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: May 16 🍅 Harvest: Aug 15 – Sep 19
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: May 23 🍅 Harvest: Aug 22 – Sep 26
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Transplant: Jun 9 🍅 Harvest: Sep 8 – Oct 13

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Judith Basin County

How your county's soil matches Kidney Beans's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.5–8.2) overlaps with Kidney Beans's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Judith Basin County is excellent for Kidney Beans — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.6%). Annual compost additions will help Kidney Beans.

How to Plant Kidney Beans

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.6″/week
You supply
0.5″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 477 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Kidney Beans

Kidney Beans needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Kidney Beans Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 2.2" 2.1" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 1.3" 3" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 1.7" 2.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 1.9" 2.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 1.4" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Judith Basin County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Kidney Beans Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Kidney Beans needs ~975 GDD — county provides 1,190 GDD Good fit

Kidney Beans Planting Timeline — Judith Basin County, MT

Kidney Beans Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Direct Sow June 6 Jun 6 – Jun 27
Harvest September 5 Sep 5 – Oct 10

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April
May
June Direct Sow
July
August
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

85–110 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

119 days in Judith Basin County

Growing Tips for Kidney Beans in Judith Basin County

Direct sow Kidney Beans outdoors after May 23 in Judith Basin County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 119.0-day growing season in Judith Basin County is tight for Kidney Beans (85.0-110.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Kidney Beans in this region include bean beetles and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Judith Basin County receives only 18" of rain annually. Kidney Beans needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow after frost. Allow pods to dry completely on the plant. Kidney beans must be thoroughly cooked as raw or undercooked beans contain harmful lectins.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Onion
  • Garlic

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Kidney Beans in Judith Basin County, MT?

Judith Basin County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 23. Plan your Kidney Beans planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Judith Basin County, MT?

Judith Basin County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 23 and first fall frost is September 19.

🌱

Your Judith Basin County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Judith Basin County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Judith Basin County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.