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When to Plant Scallions in Fergus County, MT

Fergus County, Montana Zone 4b May

May in Fergus County, Montana — your action list

Here's what deserves your attention in Fergus County, Montana this month. Everything below is tailored to Zone 4b and timed around your local frost dates.

Avg. last frost May 20
Avg. first frost September 20
Soil temp (4") 33°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
  1. Set out scallions seedlings

    Your last frost (May 20) has passed. These warm-season crops can handle outdoor soil now.

  2. Seed scallions outdoors

    Succession planting is the secret here. Put in a row now, another in 2 weeks, a third in 4.

Get ahead of June
  • Fall sowing: scallions

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Scallions (green onions) are mild-flavored alliums harvested for their slender green tops and white bases. They are quick-growing and perfect for succession planting.

Fergus County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 20 and the first fall frost is September 20, giving you a growing season of approximately 123 days.

At an elevation of 6,957 feet, Fergus County receives approximately 12 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Scallions to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Scallions successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Fergus County, MT (Zone 4b) Short season
123 days
Last Spring Frost May 20
123 growing days
First Fall Frost September 20

Fergus County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.4-8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (40 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 2 Transplant: May 14 🍅 Harvest: Jul 9 – Aug 6
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (39 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 8 Transplant: May 20 🍅 Harvest: Jul 15 – Aug 12
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (37 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 25 Transplant: Jun 6 🍅 Harvest: Aug 1 – Aug 29

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Fergus County

How your county's soil matches Scallions's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.4–8.0) is more alkaline than Scallions prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Fergus County is excellent for Scallions — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.3%). Annual compost additions will help Scallions.

How to Plant Scallions

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Scallions

2
successive plantings in your 123-day season

Sow every 5.7 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 12 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jun 28.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.4″/week
You supply
0.7″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 775 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Scallions

Scallions needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Scallions Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 1.3" 3" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 4.3" 0.7" 3.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 1.1" 3.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 1.3" 3" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 0.8" 3.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Fergus County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Scallions Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Scallions needs ~600 GDD — county provides 1,230 GDD Excellent fit

Scallions Planting Timeline — Fergus County, MT

Scallions Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 8 Apr 8 – Apr 22
Transplant Outdoors May 20 May 20 – Jun 3
Direct Sow May 13 May 13 – Jun 3
Harvest July 15 Jul 15 – Aug 12
Fall Sowing June 28 Jun 28 – Jul 12

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow Fall Sowing
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

50–70 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

123 days in Fergus County

Growing Tips for Scallions in Fergus County

Direct sow Scallions outdoors after May 20 in Fergus County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Scallions in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Fergus County receives only 12" of rain annually. Scallions needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow every 3 weeks for continuous harvest. Thin to 1 inch apart or grow in clusters. Harvest when pencil-thick by pulling or cutting at soil level.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Scallions in Fergus County, MT?

Fergus County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 20. Plan your Scallions planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Fergus County, MT?

Fergus County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 20 and first fall frost is September 20.

🌱

Your Fergus County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Fergus County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Fergus County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.