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When to Plant Turnip in Custer County, MT

Custer County, Montana Zone 4b May

May in the garden — Custer County, Montana

Your garden in Custer County, Montana is working on a schedule, even when you're not. Here's where you should be this May.

Avg. last frost May 14
Avg. first frost September 27
Soil temp (4") 36°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.8 hrs
  1. Outdoor sowing time: turnip

    Rake a smooth bed, make a shallow furrow, drop seeds at the spacing on the packet, water gently, walk away.

A few tasks this May that'll pay off in June
  • First harvests: turnip

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Turnips are a fast-growing cool-season root vegetable with edible roots and greens. Baby turnips are sweet and tender while mature ones are more pungent.

Custer County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 14 and the first fall frost is September 27, giving you a growing season of approximately 136 days.

At an elevation of 5,983 feet, Custer County receives approximately 24 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Turnip to ensure they mature before fall.

Custer County, MT (Zone 4b) Short season
136 days
Last Spring Frost May 14
136 growing days
First Fall Frost September 27

Custer County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.5-8.1

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (56 days to spare)
Transplant: May 10 🍅 Harvest: Jun 21 – Jul 26
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (59 days to spare)
Transplant: May 14 🍅 Harvest: Jun 25 – Jul 30
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (59 days to spare)
Transplant: May 25 🍅 Harvest: Jul 6 – Aug 10

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Custer County

How your county's soil matches Turnip's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.5–8.1) is more alkaline than Turnip prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Custer County is excellent for Turnip — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.7%). Annual compost additions will help Turnip.

How to Plant Turnip

0.5"
Planting Depth
4"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Turnip

4
successive plantings in your 136-day season

Sow every 4.6 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 29 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 05.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
0.3″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 376 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Turnip

Turnip needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Turnip Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 4.3" 1.4" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 2.2" 2.1" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 2.3" 2" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 2.1" 2.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Custer County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Turnip Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Turnip needs ~500 GDD — county provides 1,360 GDD Excellent fit

Turnip Planting Timeline — Custer County, MT

Turnip Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Direct Sow May 7 May 7 – May 28
Harvest June 18 Jun 18 – Jul 23
Fall Sowing July 5 Jul 5 – Jul 19

Plant 0.5" deep · 4" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April
May Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

40–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

136 days in Custer County

Growing Tips for Turnip in Custer County

Direct sow Turnip outdoors after May 14 in Custer County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Turnip in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Custer County receives only 24" of rain annually. Turnip needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow in early spring or late summer. Harvest when roots are 2-3 inches in diameter for best flavor. Both the roots and the greens are nutritious and edible.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Potatoes

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Turnip in Custer County, MT?

Custer County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of May 14. Plan your Turnip planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Custer County, MT?

Custer County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is May 14 and first fall frost is September 27.

🌱

Your Custer County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Custer County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Custer County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.