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When to Plant Kai Lan in Chouteau County, MT

Chouteau County, Montana Zone 4a May

Your May gardening checklist

Each item below is timed to Chouteau County, Montana's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost May 12
Avg. first frost September 27
Soil temp (4") 37°F
Watering High
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
  1. Get kai lan in the ground

    Pick a cloudy afternoon or evening to plant. Less transplant shock, and your seedlings will barely blink.

  2. Direct-sow kai lan

    Rake a smooth bed, make a shallow furrow, drop seeds at the spacing on the packet, water gently, walk away.

Get ahead of June
  • Starting indoors: kai lan
  • First harvests: kai lan

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Kai lan (Chinese broccoli) is a brassica grown for its thick, glossy stems and small flower buds. It has a slightly bitter, broccoli-like flavor essential in Cantonese cooking.

Chouteau County, Montana is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 12 and the first fall frost is September 27, giving you a growing season of approximately 138 days.

At an elevation of 5,753 feet, Chouteau County receives approximately 15 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Kai Lan to ensure they mature before fall. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Kai Lan successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Chouteau County, MT (Zone 4a) Short season
138 days
Last Spring Frost May 12
138 growing days
First Fall Frost September 27

Chouteau County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.4-7.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (58 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 27 Transplant: May 8 🍅 Harvest: Jun 26 – Jul 24
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (61 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 31 Transplant: May 12 🍅 Harvest: Jun 30 – Jul 28
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (54 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 21 Transplant: Jun 2 🍅 Harvest: Jul 21 – Aug 18

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Chouteau County

How your county's soil matches Kai Lan's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.4–7.8) overlaps with Kai Lan's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Chouteau County is excellent for Kai Lan — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.6%). Annual compost additions will help Kai Lan.

How to Plant Kai Lan

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Kai Lan

3
successive plantings in your 138-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 29 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 05.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.5″/week
You supply
0.7″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 801 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Kai Lan

Kai Lan needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Kai Lan Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 4.3" 1.7" 2.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 4.3" 1.2" 3.1" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 1.4" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 1.8" 2.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 1.1" 3.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 0.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 0.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Chouteau County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Kai Lan Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Kai Lan needs ~682 GDD — county provides 1,794 GDD Excellent fit

Kai Lan Planting Timeline — Chouteau County, MT

Kai Lan Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 31 Mar 31 – Apr 14
Transplant Outdoors May 12 May 12 – May 26
Direct Sow May 5 May 5 – May 26
Harvest June 30 Jun 30 – Jul 28
Fall Sowing July 5 Jul 5 – Jul 19

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

45–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

138 days in Chouteau County

Growing Tips for Kai Lan in Chouteau County

Direct sow Kai Lan outdoors after May 12 in Chouteau County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Kai Lan in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Chouteau County receives only 15" of rain annually. Kai Lan needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Direct sow in spring or fall. Harvest when flower buds first appear but before they open. Cut stems at the base to encourage side shoots. Prefers cool weather.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Kai Lan in Chouteau County, MT?

Chouteau County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 12. Plan your Kai Lan planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Chouteau County, MT?

Chouteau County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 12 and first fall frost is September 27.

🌱

Your Chouteau County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Chouteau County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Chouteau County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.