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When to Plant Leeks in Big Horn County, MT

Big Horn County, Montana Zone 5a May

Your May game plan for Big Horn County, Montana

Your garden in Big Horn County, Montana is working on a schedule, even when you're not. Here's where you should be this May.

Avg. last frost May 13
Avg. first frost September 30
Soil temp (4") 39°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.7 hrs
  1. Plant out leeks

    Your last frost (May 13) has passed. These warm-season crops can handle outdoor soil now.

June will be here before you know it — start on
  • Starting indoors: leeks

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Leeks are a mild, sweet allium that produces long white shanks. They are more refined than onions and are a key ingredient in soups, stews, and gratins.

Big Horn County, Montana is in USDA Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 13 and the first fall frost is September 30, giving you a growing season of approximately 140 days.

At an elevation of 5,955 feet, Big Horn County receives approximately 22.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 83°F, so choose short-season varieties of Leeks to ensure they mature before fall.

Big Horn County, MT (Zone 5a) Short season
140 days
Last Spring Frost May 13
140 growing days
First Fall Frost September 30

Big Horn County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.6

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 3 Transplant: May 8 🍅 Harvest: Aug 7 – Oct 23
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 8 Transplant: May 13 🍅 Harvest: Aug 12 – Oct 28
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 26 Transplant: May 31 🍅 Harvest: Aug 30 – Nov 15

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Big Horn County

How your county's soil matches Leeks's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.6) overlaps with Leeks's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Big Horn County is excellent for Leeks — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.5%). Annual compost additions will help Leeks.

How to Plant Leeks

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.8″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
0.2″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 187 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Leeks

Leeks needs approximately 0.8 inches of water per week (3.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Leeks Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3.5" 2.9" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Jun 3.5" 1.7" 1.8" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3.5" 2.2" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 3.5" 2" 1.5" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3.5" 1.8" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Oct 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Big Horn County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Leeks Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Leeks needs ~1,470 GDD — county provides 1,715 GDD Good fit

Leeks Planting Timeline — Big Horn County, MT

Leeks Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 8 Apr 8 – Apr 22
Transplant Outdoors May 13 May 13 – May 27
Direct Sow April 29 Apr 29 – May 20
Harvest August 12 Aug 12 – Oct 28
Fall Sowing July 22 Jul 22 – Aug 5

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Fall Sowing
August Fall Sowing Harvest
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.8"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

90–150 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5a

📆 Growing Season

140 days in Big Horn County

Growing Tips for Leeks in Big Horn County

Direct sow Leeks outdoors after May 13 in Big Horn County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 140.0-day growing season in Big Horn County is tight for Leeks (90.0-150.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Leeks in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 10-12 weeks before last frost. Transplant into trenches and hill soil around stems as they grow to increase the white portion. Harvest as needed.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Leeks in Big Horn County, MT?

Big Horn County is in Zone 5a with an average last frost of May 13. Plan your Leeks planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Big Horn County, MT?

Big Horn County, Montana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5a. The average last spring frost is May 13 and first fall frost is September 30.

🌱

Your Big Horn County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Big Horn County (Zone 5a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Big Horn County, MT. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.