Blog

When to Plant Napa Cabbage in Mercer County, MO

Mercer County, Missouri Zone 5b May

Your May gardening checklist

A quick May briefing for Mercer County, Missouri gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost April 20
Avg. first frost October 14
Soil temp (4") 59°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.2 hrs
  1. Begin indoor sowing: napa cabbage

    Bottom-water once the first true leaves appear — it keeps stems dry and knocks back damping-off.

Get ahead of June
  • First harvests: napa cabbage

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Napa cabbage forms tall, barrel-shaped heads with tender, crinkled leaves and a mild, slightly sweet flavor. It is the primary cabbage used for kimchi.

Mercer County, Missouri is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 20 and the first fall frost is October 14, giving you a growing season of approximately 177 days.

At an elevation of 523 feet, Mercer County receives approximately 41.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 87°F, providing good warmth for Napa Cabbage during the growing season.

Mercer County, MO (Zone 5b) Moderate season
177 days
Last Spring Frost April 20
177 growing days
First Fall Frost October 14
Share this guide:

Mercer County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.6-6.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (89 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 8 Transplant: Apr 12 🍅 Harvest: Jun 7 – Jul 12
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (86 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 16 Transplant: Apr 20 🍅 Harvest: Jun 15 – Jul 20
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (89 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 30 Transplant: May 4 🍅 Harvest: Jun 29 – Aug 3

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Mercer County

How your county's soil matches Napa Cabbage's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.6–6.8) overlaps with Napa Cabbage's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Mercer County is excellent for Napa Cabbage — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Napa Cabbage.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.9%). Annual compost additions will help Napa Cabbage.

How to Plant Napa Cabbage

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Napa Cabbage

3
successive plantings in your 177-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 31 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 05.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.5″/week
Rainfall provides
1.0″/week
You supply
0.1″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 95 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Napa Cabbage

Napa Cabbage needs approximately 1.5 inches of water per week (6.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Napa Cabbage Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 6.5" 4.3" 2.2" 💧 Light watering
May 6.5" 4.8" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 6.5" 5.1" 1.4" 💧 Light watering
Jul 6.5" 4" 2.5" 💧 Light watering
Aug 6.5" 4.4" 2.1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 6.5" 3.6" 2.9" 💧 Light watering
Oct 6.5" 3.2" 3.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 2.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Mercer County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Napa Cabbage Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Napa Cabbage needs ~991 GDD — county provides 2,699 GDD Excellent fit

Napa Cabbage Planting Timeline — Mercer County, MO

Napa Cabbage Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 16 Mar 16 – Mar 30
Transplant Outdoors April 20 Apr 20 – May 4
Direct Sow April 6 Apr 6 – Apr 27
Harvest June 15 Jun 15 – Jul 20
Fall Sowing August 5 Aug 5 – Aug 19

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December
Share this guide:

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1.5"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

55–75 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5b

📆 Growing Season

177 days in Mercer County

Growing Tips for Napa Cabbage in Mercer County

Direct sow Napa Cabbage outdoors after April 20 in Mercer County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Napa Cabbage in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Best grown as a fall crop. Direct sow in late summer, 60-70 days before first frost. Keep soil evenly moist. Bolt-resistant varieties are available for spring planting.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Napa Cabbage in Mercer County, MO?

Mercer County is in Zone 5b with an average last frost of April 20. Plan your Napa Cabbage planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Mercer County, MO?

Mercer County, Missouri is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 20 and first fall frost is October 14.

🌱

Your Mercer County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Mercer County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Mercer County, MO. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.