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When to Plant Basil in Winona County, MN

Winona County, Minnesota Zone 4b May

May to-do list for Winona County, Minnesota

Each item below is timed to Winona County, Minnesota's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost April 30
Avg. first frost October 7
Soil temp (4") 54°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.6 hrs
  1. Get basil in the ground

    Pinch off the lowest leaves on each seedling before you plant — it reduces water loss while the roots catch up.

  2. Put basil seeds straight in the ground

    Thin ruthlessly once seedlings are up. Crowded roots mean smaller crops from every plant.

Looking ahead to June
  • Starting indoors: basil

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Basil is a fragrant warm-season herb essential to Italian and Thai cuisines. It comes in many varieties including sweet, Thai, purple, and lemon types.

Winona County, Minnesota is in USDA Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is April 30 and the first fall frost is October 7, giving you a growing season of approximately 160 days.

At an elevation of 1,396 feet, Winona County receives approximately 37.1 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Basil to ensure they mature before fall.

Winona County, MN (Zone 4b) Moderate season
160 days
Last Spring Frost April 30
160 growing days
First Fall Frost October 7

Winona County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6.3-6.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (19 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 28 Transplant: May 16 🍅 Harvest: Jul 11 – Sep 12
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (20 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 5 Transplant: May 21 🍅 Harvest: Jul 16 – Sep 17
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (14 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 20 Transplant: Jun 5 🍅 Harvest: Jul 31 – Oct 2

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Winona County

How your county's soil matches Basil's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.3–6.8) is within Basil's preferred range (6.0–7.0).

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Winona County is excellent for Basil — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (5.2%) — Basil will thrive.

How to Plant Basil

0.5"
Planting Depth
8"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Succession Planting Basil

3
successive plantings in your 160-day season

Sow every 5.7 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 24 to harvest before frost.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.6″/week
Rainfall provides
1.0″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Basil

Basil needs approximately 0.6 inches of water per week (2.6" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Basil Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 2.6" 3.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 2.6" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 2.6" 4.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 2.6" 4.3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 2.6" 4.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 2.6" 2.8" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 2.6" 3.2" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Winona County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Basil Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Basil needs ~625 GDD — county provides 1,600 GDD Excellent fit

Basil Planting Timeline — Winona County, MN

Basil Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 5 Mar 5 – Mar 19
Transplant Outdoors May 21 May 21 – Jun 4
Direct Sow May 7 May 7 – May 28
Harvest July 16 Jul 16 – Sep 17

Plant 0.5" deep · 8" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors
July Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.6"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

50–75 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4b

📆 Growing Season

160 days in Winona County

Growing Tips for Basil in Winona County

Direct sow Basil outdoors after April 30 in Winona County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors or direct sow after last frost. Pinch flower buds to extend leaf production. Harvest leaves from the top down, cutting just above a leaf pair.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Rue
  • Sage

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Basil Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Let flower spikes dry brown on the plant.
Storage Store airtight; viable 5 years at 35°F, under 45% humidity.

Isolate 150 ft between varieties. Different basil species can cross.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Basil in Winona County, MN?

Winona County is in Zone 4b with an average last frost of April 30. Plan your Basil planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Winona County, MN?

Winona County, Minnesota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4b. The average last spring frost is April 30 and first fall frost is October 7.

🌱

Your Winona County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Winona County (Zone 4b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Winona County, MN. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.