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When to Plant Potatoes in St. Louis County, MN

St. Louis County, Minnesota Zone 3b May

Top priorities for St. Louis County, Minnesota gardeners in May

A quick May briefing for St. Louis County, Minnesota gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost June 2
Avg. first frost September 10
Soil temp (4") 49°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
Before June arrives, get these ready
  • Transplants going out: potatoes
  • Direct-sowing: potatoes

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Potatoes are a versatile staple crop that produces tubers underground. They come in hundreds of varieties with varying colors, textures, and maturity dates.

St. Louis County, Minnesota is in USDA Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is June 2 and the first fall frost is September 10, giving you a growing season of approximately 100 days.

At an elevation of 531 feet, St. Louis County receives approximately 36.3 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 78°F, so choose short-season varieties of Potatoes to ensure they mature before fall.

St. Louis County, MN (Zone 3b) Short season
100 days
Last Spring Frost June 2
100 growing days
First Fall Frost September 10

St. Louis County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6-7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 26 Transplant: Jun 18 🍅 Harvest: Aug 27 – Oct 22
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 31 Transplant: Jun 23 🍅 Harvest: Sep 1 – Oct 27
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Apr 14 Transplant: Jul 7 🍅 Harvest: Sep 15 – Nov 10

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in St. Louis County

How your county's soil matches Potatoes's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.0–7.0) overlaps with Potatoes's range (5.0–6.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in St. Louis County is excellent for Potatoes — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Potatoes.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.0%) — Potatoes will thrive.

How to Plant Potatoes

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

How Much Potatoes to Grow

3-5 lbs
Average yield per plant
5
Plants per person
12.5 sq ft
Space per person

For a family of 4, plant approximately 20 potatoes plants in about 50 sq ft. In St. Louis County's 100-day season, you'll have plenty of time for a full harvest. Plan your garden layout →

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
1.5″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Potatoes

Potatoes needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Potatoes Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Jun 4.3" 5.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 4.3" 4.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 4.3" 3.7" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 3.1" 1.2" 💧 Light watering
Oct 2.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Jun–Sep in St. Louis County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Potatoes Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Potatoes needs ~808 GDD — county provides 850 GDD Good fit

Potatoes Planting Timeline — St. Louis County, MN

Potatoes Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 31 Mar 31 – Apr 14
Transplant Outdoors June 23 Jun 23 – Jul 7
Direct Sow June 16 Jun 16 – Jul 7
Harvest September 1 Sep 1 – Oct 27

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
August
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

70–120 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5–6.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 3b

📆 Growing Season

100 days in St. Louis County

Growing Tips for Potatoes in St. Louis County

Direct sow Potatoes outdoors after June 02 in St. Louis County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 100.0-day growing season in St. Louis County is tight for Potatoes (70.0-120.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Potatoes in this region include tomato hornworm and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Plant seed potatoes (not grocery store potatoes) 4 inches deep in spring. Hill soil around stems as plants grow to prevent greening. Stop watering when plants die back.

Recommended Potatoes Varieties for St. Louis County

Early-maturing potatoes for your season

Yukon Gold (65d) Red Norland (70d) Irish Cobbler (70d)

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Cucumber
  • Squash Summer

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Potatoes in St. Louis County, MN?

St. Louis County is in Zone 3b with an average last frost of June 2. Plan your Potatoes planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is St. Louis County, MN?

St. Louis County, Minnesota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is June 2 and first fall frost is September 10.

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Your St. Louis County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for St. Louis County (Zone 3b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for St. Louis County, MN. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.