Blog

When to Plant Peppers in St. Louis County, MN

St. Louis County, Minnesota Zone 3b May

St. Louis County, Minnesota gardeners: here's your May plan

We've pulled the most time-sensitive tasks for St. Louis County, Minnesota this May and put them front and centre. Tackle them in order.

Avg. last frost June 2
Avg. first frost September 10
Soil temp (4") 49°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.9 hrs
Before June arrives, get these ready
  • Transplants going out: peppers
  • Direct-sowing: peppers

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Sweet peppers are warm-season crops producing fruits in a rainbow of colors. They turn from green to red, yellow, or orange as they ripen, increasing in sweetness.

St. Louis County, Minnesota is in USDA Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is June 2 and the first fall frost is September 10, giving you a growing season of approximately 100 days.

At an elevation of 531 feet, St. Louis County receives approximately 36.3 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 78°F, so choose short-season varieties of Peppers to ensure they mature before fall.

St. Louis County, MN (Zone 3b) Short season
100 days
Last Spring Frost June 2
100 growing days
First Fall Frost September 10
Share this guide:

St. Louis County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6-7

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 12 Transplant: Jun 18 🍅 Harvest: Aug 20 – Oct 22
Recommended (50%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 17 Transplant: Jun 23 🍅 Harvest: Aug 25 – Oct 27
Safe Start (90%) ✗ May not fit
Start indoors: Mar 31 Transplant: Jul 7 🍅 Harvest: Sep 8 – Nov 10

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in St. Louis County

How your county's soil matches Peppers's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.0–7.0) is within Peppers's preferred range (6.0–7.0).

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in St. Louis County is excellent for Peppers — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Peppers.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.0%) — Peppers will thrive.

How to Plant Peppers

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

How Much Peppers to Grow

3-5 lbs
Average yield per plant
3
Plants per person
7.5 sq ft
Space per person

For a family of 4, plant approximately 12 peppers plants in about 30 sq ft. In St. Louis County's 100-day season, you'll have plenty of time for a full harvest. Plan your garden layout →

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.1″/week
Rainfall provides
1.5″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Peppers

Peppers needs approximately 1.1 inches of water per week (4.8" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Peppers Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 3.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Jun 4.8" 5.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 4.8" 4.4" 0.4" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.8" 3.7" 1.1" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.8" 3.1" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Oct 2.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Jun–Sep in St. Louis County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Peppers Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Peppers needs ~638 GDD — county provides 850 GDD Excellent fit

Peppers Planting Timeline — St. Louis County, MN

Peppers Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 17 Mar 17 – Mar 31
Transplant Outdoors June 23 Jun 23 – Jul 7
Direct Sow June 16 Jun 16 – Jul 7
Harvest August 25 Aug 25 – Oct 27

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April
May
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
August Harvest
September Harvest
October Harvest
November
December
Share this guide:

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1.1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

60–90 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 3b

📆 Growing Season

100 days in St. Louis County

Growing Tips for Peppers in St. Louis County

Direct sow Peppers outdoors after June 02 in St. Louis County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your 100.0-day growing season in St. Louis County is tight for Peppers (60.0-90.0 days to maturity). Start indoors and choose early-maturing varieties.

Common pests for Peppers in this region include tomato hornworm and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before last frost. Transplant when nighttime temperatures stay above 55F. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers which promote leaves over fruit.

Recommended Peppers Varieties for St. Louis County

Fast-maturing pepper varieties for shorter seasons

Ace (50d) Gypsy (58d) Early Jalapeño (60d)

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel
  • Kohlrabi

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

🌾 Save Your Own Peppers Seeds
Life Cycle Annual
Pollination Self-Pollinating
How to Collect Remove seeds from fully ripe (red/orange) fruit.
Storage Store airtight; viable 4 years at 35°F, under 50% humidity.

Isolate 300 ft for purity. Hot and sweet peppers can cross-pollinate.

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Peppers in St. Louis County, MN?

St. Louis County is in Zone 3b with an average last frost of June 2. Plan your Peppers planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is St. Louis County, MN?

St. Louis County, Minnesota is in USDA Hardiness Zone 3b. The average last spring frost is June 2 and first fall frost is September 10.

🌱

Your St. Louis County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for St. Louis County (Zone 3b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for St. Louis County, MN. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.