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When to Plant Napa Cabbage in Ontonagon County, MI

Ontonagon County, Michigan Zone 4b April

This month in Ontonagon County, Michigan

A quick April briefing for Ontonagon County, Michigan gardeners — what's urgent, what's next, and what can wait.

Avg. last frost May 22
Avg. first frost September 28
Soil temp (4") 41°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 13.3 hrs
To set up a strong May, finish these tasks
  • Transplants going out: napa cabbage
  • Direct-sowing: napa cabbage

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Napa cabbage forms tall, barrel-shaped heads with tender, crinkled leaves and a mild, slightly sweet flavor. It is the primary cabbage used for kimchi.

Ontonagon County, Michigan is in USDA Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 22 and the first fall frost is September 28, giving you a growing season of approximately 129 days.

At an elevation of 502 feet, Ontonagon County receives approximately 42 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 80°F, so choose short-season varieties of Napa Cabbage to ensure they mature before fall.

Ontonagon County, MI (Zone 4a) Short season
129 days
Last Spring Frost May 22
129 growing days
First Fall Frost September 28

Ontonagon County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (33 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 6 Transplant: May 18 🍅 Harvest: Jul 13 – Aug 17
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (38 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 10 Transplant: May 22 🍅 Harvest: Jul 17 – Aug 21
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (35 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 25 Transplant: Jun 6 🍅 Harvest: Aug 1 – Sep 5

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Ontonagon County

How your county's soil matches Napa Cabbage's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.2) is within Napa Cabbage's preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Ontonagon County is excellent for Napa Cabbage — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (5.1%) — Napa Cabbage will thrive.

How to Plant Napa Cabbage

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 12 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Napa Cabbage

2
successive plantings in your 129-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 15 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Jul 06.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.5″/week
Rainfall provides
1.4″/week
You supply
0.1″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 152 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Napa Cabbage

Napa Cabbage needs approximately 1.5 inches of water per week (6.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Napa Cabbage Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
May 6.5" 4.8" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Jun 6.5" 5.2" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Jul 6.5" 4.3" 2.2" 💧 Light watering
Aug 6.5" 4.2" 2.3" 💧 Light watering
Sep 6.5" 3.5" 3" 💧 Light watering
Oct 3.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Nov 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (May–Sep in Ontonagon County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Napa Cabbage Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Napa Cabbage needs ~650 GDD — county provides 1,290 GDD Excellent fit

Napa Cabbage Planting Timeline — Ontonagon County, MI

Napa Cabbage Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors April 10 Apr 10 – Apr 24
Transplant Outdoors May 22 May 22 – Jun 5
Direct Sow May 15 May 15 – Jun 5
Harvest July 17 Jul 17 – Aug 21
Fall Sowing July 6 Jul 6 – Jul 20

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
July Fall Sowing Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1.5"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

55–75 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 4a

📆 Growing Season

129 days in Ontonagon County

Growing Tips for Napa Cabbage in Ontonagon County

Direct sow Napa Cabbage outdoors after May 22 in Ontonagon County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Napa Cabbage in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Best grown as a fall crop. Direct sow in late summer, 60-70 days before first frost. Keep soil evenly moist. Bolt-resistant varieties are available for spring planting.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Napa Cabbage in Ontonagon County, MI?

Ontonagon County is in Zone 4a with an average last frost of May 22. Plan your Napa Cabbage planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Ontonagon County, MI?

Ontonagon County, Michigan is in USDA Hardiness Zone 4a. The average last spring frost is May 22 and first fall frost is September 28.

🌱

Your Ontonagon County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Ontonagon County (Zone 4a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Ontonagon County, MI. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: April 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.