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When to Plant Endive in Hillsdale County, MI

Hillsdale County, Michigan Zone 6a May

May to-do list for Hillsdale County, Michigan

Here's what deserves your attention in Hillsdale County, Michigan this month. Everything below is tailored to Zone 6a and timed around your local frost dates.

Avg. last frost April 29
Avg. first frost October 14
Soil temp (4") 59°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.4 hrs
To set up a strong June, finish these tasks
  • Starting indoors: endive
  • First harvests: endive

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Endive is a leafy green with a slightly bitter flavor, available in curly (frisee) and broad-leaved (escarole) types. It adds texture and complexity to salads.

Hillsdale County, Michigan is in USDA Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 29 and the first fall frost is October 14, giving you a growing season of approximately 168 days.

At an elevation of 1,173 feet, Hillsdale County receives approximately 41.2 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 85°F, providing good warmth for Endive during the growing season.

Hillsdale County, MI (Zone 6a) Moderate season
168 days
Last Spring Frost April 29
168 growing days
First Fall Frost October 14
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Hillsdale County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.9-6.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (81 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 22 Transplant: Apr 26 🍅 Harvest: Jun 14 – Jul 19
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (84 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 25 Transplant: Apr 29 🍅 Harvest: Jun 17 – Jul 22
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (78 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 11 Transplant: May 16 🍅 Harvest: Jul 4 – Aug 8

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Hillsdale County

How your county's soil matches Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.9–6.8) is within Endive's preferred range (5.5–7.0).

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Hillsdale County is excellent for Endive — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.9%). Annual compost additions will help Endive.

How to Plant Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Endive

4
successive plantings in your 168-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 10 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 05.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
1.0″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Endive

Endive needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3" 3.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 3" 5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 5.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3" 4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3" 3.8" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3" 3.8" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 3" 3.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Nov 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 2.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Hillsdale County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Endive needs ~756 GDD — county provides 2,310 GDD Excellent fit

Endive Planting Timeline — Hillsdale County, MI

Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 25 Mar 25 – Apr 8
Transplant Outdoors April 29 Apr 29 – May 13
Direct Sow April 15 Apr 15 – May 6
Harvest June 17 Jun 17 – Jul 22
Fall Sowing August 5 Aug 5 – Aug 19

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 6a

📆 Growing Season

168 days in Hillsdale County

Growing Tips for Endive in Hillsdale County

Direct sow Endive outdoors after April 29 in Hillsdale County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 168.0-day season in Hillsdale County allows multiple plantings of Endive. Sow every 22.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly in spring or fall. Blanch heads by tying outer leaves together 2-3 weeks before harvest to reduce bitterness. Keep soil evenly moist.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Endive in Hillsdale County, MI?

Hillsdale County is in Zone 6a with an average last frost of April 29. Plan your Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Hillsdale County, MI?

Hillsdale County, Michigan is in USDA Hardiness Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 29 and first fall frost is October 14.

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Your Hillsdale County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Hillsdale County (Zone 6a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Hillsdale County, MI. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.