Issue, MD — Planting Guide for July
Free PDF, personalized for your town's frost dates & climate. Drop your email — we'll send the link.
Your July planting checklist for Charles County, Maryland
July is a pivotal month for Charles County, Maryland gardens. Focus on these tasks first and you'll set up the rest of the season for success.
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It's harvest week for basil, cucumber, and green beans
If you can't use it all right away, check the food-preservation section of your planner.
Coming up in August — start thinking about
- First harvests: basil, cucumber, and peppers
Issue has a classic four-season growing climate (Zone 7b). The last spring frost typically lands around March 29 and the first fall frost arrives around November 14 — a 230-day frost-free season that's long enough for tomatoes, peppers, melons, and a full succession of cool-weather crops on either side. The trick is timing: start warm-season seedlings indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost, harden them off, and plant out the week after your local frost date is statistically safe.
Soils trend Silt Loam — the gold standard for vegetables. Add 2–3" of compost annually to maintain it and you'll outgrow most of your neighbors.
Drought pressure is moderate (16.6 weeks/year on average). Mulching and drip irrigation pay for themselves quickly.
🌡️ USDA Zone
7b (5°F to 10°F min)
❄️ Avg. Last Frost
March 29
🍂 Avg. First Frost
November 14
📅 Growing Season
230 days
🌧️ Climate
Humid 44.8" annual
💨 Wind
Moderate 7.9 mph avg
🥶 Frost Tier
Regular 0% frost-free years
🏜️ Drought
16.6 wk/yr trend stable
📍 ZIP Codes
1 ZIP
Monthly Watering Calendar for Issue
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
Why this matters: Over-watering kills more plants than under-watering. Issue's 45" annual rainfall changes the gardening playbook — humid-region gardeners often water by the calendar when they should water by the soil moisture.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3 in | 11 days | — | None |
| Feb | 2.8 in | 8 days | — | None |
| Mar | 3.2 in | 12 days | 1.1 in | Moderate |
| Apr | 3.1 in | 9 days | 1.2 in | Moderate |
| May | 3.4 in | 11 days | 0.9 in | Moderate |
| Jun | 3.4 in | 11 days | 0.9 in | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 in | 10 days | 0.3 in | Low |
| Aug | 3.8 in | 9 days | 0.5 in | Low |
| Sep | 3.4 in | 10 days | 0.9 in | Moderate |
| Oct | 2.9 in | 8 days | 1.4 in | Moderate |
| Nov | 2.8 in | 9 days | — | None |
| Dec | 2.6 in | 9 days | — | None |
Annual total: 38.4 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Issue Soil Profile
Soil Type
Silt Loam
Soil pH
5.7-6.8
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Apr 16 | Dec 9 | 237 days |
| Cautious | Apr 6 | Nov 23 | 231 days |
| Average year | Mar 29 | Nov 14 | 230 days |
| Optimistic | Mar 24 | Nov 4 | 225 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Mar 17 | Oct 26 | 223 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±30 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Slightly — seasons are trending a bit shorter (0.4 days/decade). Stay conservative with planting dates.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Charles County offers good growing conditions. A little planning around frost dates goes a long way.
Local Gardening Help in Charles County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Charles County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Charles County University of Maryland Extension Extension Office
Phone: 301-405-2072
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Charles County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Charles County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Charles County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Charles County MD" or "garden center Charles County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Charles County MD" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Charles County Gardeners" or "Maryland Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length in Issue
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
Why it matters: Day length triggers flowering in many crops. Some need short days (sweet potatoes), some long (most flowers), and some are day-neutral (most modern tomatoes). Issue's latitude determines which varieties fit your beds.
Longest Day
14.7 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.3 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
8.5 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Your long summer days (14+ hours) support long-day onion varieties like Walla Walla, Sweet Spanish, and Ailsa Craig.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 9.6 hr | 3.8 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.6 hr | 4.5 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.7 hr | 5.4 hr | Short day |
| April | 13 hr | 6 hr | Neutral |
| May | 14.1 hr | 7.4 hr | Long day |
| June | 14.7 hr | 8.5 hr | Long day |
| July | 14.4 hr | 8.2 hr | Long day |
| August | 13.5 hr | 7.1 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 6.3 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11 hr | 5.2 hr | Short day |
| November | 9.9 hr | 3.7 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.3 hr | 3.3 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting in Issue
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
Quick context: Soil temperature is a leading indicator. A black plastic mulch can warm soil 5-10°F faster than bare ground — meaningful in Issue's spring if you're trying to plant tomatoes earlier.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from May through Oct.
Best Month to Compost
May
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
8 months
Nearly year-round composting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 39°F | 45°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Feb | 40°F | 43°F | ❄️ Dormant | ~36 weeks |
| Mar | 46°F | 50°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Apr | 56°F | 55°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| May | 68°F | 65°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jun | 77°F | 74°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 86°F | 80°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 88°F | 82°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 81°F | 81°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 68°F | 70°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Nov | 55°F | 60°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Dec | 43°F | 50°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Issue
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
The practical takeaway: Pest score isn't pass/fail. It's a planning input. Higher scores mean: more compost (resilient plants), wider spacing (air circulation), resistant varieties (built-in defense), and inspection (catch issues at egg stage).
Insect Pest Pressure
High — expect multiple pest generations. Preventative measures essential.
Disease Risk
High fungal/bacterial risk. Space plants for airflow, water at soil level.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | High | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Japanese beetles | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug |
| Squash vine borers | High | May, Jun, Jul |
| Stink bugs | High | May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Whiteflies | Low | Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Spider mites | Moderate | Jul, Aug |
Organic pest management tips
- Install physical barriers: floating row covers, copper tape for slugs, mesh netting
- Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) for caterpillar control — safe for beneficial insects
- Use kaolin clay spray to deter a wide range of insects on fruiting crops
- Release beneficial insects: ladybugs for aphids, parasitic wasps for caterpillars
- Apply neem oil weekly during high-pressure months
- Mulch heavily (3-4 inches) to reduce soil-borne disease splash
Cover Crops for Issue
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with planting dates calibrated for your area.
The practical takeaway: A fall-planted cover crop in Issue is the closest thing to free soil amendment. Plant cereal rye or hairy vetch after harvest; chop it down before it flowers in spring; the soil it leaves behind out-grows any store-bought compost.
Spring Cover Crops (4 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Apr 1 | Sep 5 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Cowpeas (southern peas) | Apr 2 | Sep 12 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer for warm climates, edible |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Apr 5 | Sep 12 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Feb 28 | Sep 12 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | Apr 24 | Oct 31 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (7 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Sep 12 | Mar 8 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Sep 15 | Mar 15 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Sep 21 | Mar 15 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Sep 1 | Mar 8 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Oct 4 | Mar 15 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Aug 19 | Mar 8 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Aug 19 | Mar 8 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate in Issue
Why it matters: Wind dries soil, knocks over young transplants, and disrupts pollination for bees and butterflies. Issue averages 7.9 mph — above 10 mph means windbreaks (shrubs, fences, taller crops to windward), staked tomatoes from day one, and an extra round of watering during dry windy spells. Lower wind = lower water bills and fewer broken stems.
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 16 mph Summer: 11 mph
Fall: 12 mph Winter: 15 mph
Prevailing wind: W. Windy area — plant a windbreak hedge on the W side of your garden.
Windbreak Benefit
7/10
Strongly recommended — a windbreak (fence, hedge, or row of tall crops like corn or sunflowers) will significantly improve garden yields.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (397 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting in Issue
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
Quick context: Most gardens use 0.5-1 gallon per square foot per week in summer. Issue's 45" annual rainfall is enough to cover most needs if you can capture it. Rain barrels under downspouts are the simplest entry point.
Annual Collection
19,138 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 750 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
May, Jun, Jul, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Feb, Nov, Dec
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 38.4 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 19,138 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Stock up on stored water before your dry season (Feb, Nov, Dec)
- Use a first-flush diverter to keep roof debris out of your collection
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Issue
112 vegetables matched to Zone 7b with planting dates calibrated for Issue.
Show all 112 vegetables with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 5 – Aug 9 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 30 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | Apr 12 | — | Aug 16 – Oct 25 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Apr 12 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 7 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jul 19 – Sep 13 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Jul 26 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jul 5 – Aug 23 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 31 – Jul 12 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Aug 23 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 16 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 31 – Jul 26 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 5 – Aug 30 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | Apr 12 | — | Aug 16 – Sep 27 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jun 21 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 26 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jul 12 – Aug 16 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 21 – Aug 16 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 31 – Jul 12 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 12 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Aug 16 – Oct 25 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 21 – Aug 2 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 31 – Jul 12 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jun 21 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 5 – Aug 9 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 26 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 7 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Apr 12 – May 3 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | May 31 – Jun 28 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Aug 16 – Oct 18 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 7 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 5 – Aug 9 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 21 – Aug 2 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Jan 25 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 23 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jun 21 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jun 21 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 14 – Jul 26 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Jul 26 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | Oct 3 | Jan 2 – May 15 | 90–240 |
| Green Beans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Apr 12 | — | Aug 16 – Oct 25 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Jan 25 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 21 – Sep 27 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 26 – Aug 30 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Aug 16 – Oct 25 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 9 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jun 14 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jul 5 – Aug 9 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jun 21 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jun 7 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Sep 13 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 21 – Aug 2 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 12 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 7 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 26 – Sep 27 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Sep 27 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 5 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 9 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Apr 5 – May 3 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jul 12 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – May 31 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jun 28 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 5 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Aug 16 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 7 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Aug 9 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | May 31 – Jun 28 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Jan 25 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 23 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 30 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 30 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 31 – Jul 5 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Apr 12 – May 3 | 22–35 |
| Rhubarb | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Romanesco | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 14 – Jul 26 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Jun 7 – Jul 12 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Aug 9 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jun 21 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Jul 19 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | Jun 28 – Aug 16 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 2 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 19 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 28 – Aug 23 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 9 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | May 31 – Aug 2 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 5 – Aug 30 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Apr 12 | — | Aug 2 – Sep 27 | 110–150 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Apr 5 | — | — | Jun 7 – Jul 19 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 30 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jun 7 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 23 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 23 | 60–85 |
| Turnip | — | Mar 15 | — | Sep 5 | Apr 26 – May 31 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 29 | Sep 5 | May 10 – Jun 14 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 9 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Apr 5 | — | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 30 | 90–120 |
| Yard Long Beans | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 19 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Mar 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Issue
31 fruits matched to Zone 7b with planting dates calibrated for Issue.
Show all 31 fruits with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | Jul 19 – Nov 1 | 90–180 |
| Aronia | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Blackberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Blueberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | Apr 19 | — | Jun 28 – Aug 2 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Cranberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Currants | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Elderberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Gooseberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | Apr 19 | — | Jun 28 – Aug 23 | 65–80 |
| Hardy Kiwi | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Haskaps | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Honeydew | — | — | Apr 19 | — | Jul 12 – Aug 23 | 80–110 |
| Jostaberry | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Kiwi | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Lingonberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Loquat | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Medlar | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | Apr 19 | — | Jul 19 – Nov 29 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Issue
36 herbs matched to Zone 7b with planting dates calibrated for Issue.
Show all 36 herbs with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angelica | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | — | 365–730 |
| Anise | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | Jun 21 – Sep 6 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 9 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jul 5 – Sep 20 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Jul 5 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 9 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Aug 2 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | Jul 5 – Sep 6 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 40–60 |
| Epazote | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Aug 2 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jul 5 – Sep 20 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 16 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 16 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Jul 26 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 16 | 70–90 |
| Lovage | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 16 | 70–90 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 24 – Jul 26 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 28 – Nov 15 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 16 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 21 – Aug 16 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Apr 5 | — | May 31 – Jul 26 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Feb 22 | Mar 15 | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 3 – Jul 5 | 40–60 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 16 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Feb 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 12 | — | Jun 7 – Aug 9 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 16 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Apr 5 | — | Aug 9 – Nov 15 | 120–180 |
🌸 Flowers to Grow in Issue
53 flowers matched to Zone 7b with planting dates calibrated for Issue.
Show all 53 flowers with dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Bloom | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ageratum | Feb 15 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | May 24 – Sep 27 | 60–75 |
| Alliums | — | — | — | Oct 10 | Nov 7 – Nov 28 | 28–42 |
| Anemones | — | — | — | Sep 19 | Oct 3 – Oct 31 | 90–120 |
| Astilbe | Jan 25 | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Aug 9 | 70–100 |
| Bachelor's Button | Feb 15 | Feb 22 | Mar 29 | Sep 19 | May 31 – Sep 6 | 60–90 |
| Begonias | Jan 18 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 70–90 |
| Black-eyed Susan | Jan 25 | Mar 22 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Oct 25 | 60–80 |
| Bleeding Hearts | Jan 25 | — | Apr 5 | — | May 24 – Jun 28 | 60–90 |
| Calendula | Feb 15 | Feb 22 | Mar 29 | Sep 19 | May 17 – Sep 13 | 50–70 |
| California Poppy | — | Mar 1 | — | Sep 19 | May 10 – Aug 2 | 60–90 |
| Celosia | Mar 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | May 31 – Oct 11 | 60–90 |
| Columbine | Feb 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | May 24 – Jun 28 | 70–100 |
| Coreopsis | Jan 25 | Mar 29 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 25 | 60–80 |
| Cosmos | Mar 1 | Mar 22 | Mar 22 | — | May 31 – Oct 4 | 60–90 |
| Crocus | — | — | — | Oct 10 | Sep 5 – Sep 26 | 10–20 |
| Daffodils | — | — | — | Oct 10 | Sep 12 – Oct 3 | 20–40 |
| Dahlias | Mar 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Nov 1 | 70–120 |
| Daylily | Jan 25 | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Oct 25 | 60–90 |
| Dianthus | Feb 1 | Feb 22 | Mar 1 | — | Apr 19 – Jul 12 | 60–80 |
| Echinacea (Purple Coneflower) | Jan 25 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 21 – Oct 25 | 70–90 |
| Foxglove | Feb 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | May 24 – Jun 28 | 80–120 |
| Gaillardia (Blanket Flower) | Feb 8 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Nov 8 | 70–100 |
| Geraniums | Jan 18 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 70–100 |
| Gladiolus | — | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 25 | 70–100 |
| Hostas | Jan 18 | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Oct 18 | 60–90 |
| Hyacinths | — | — | — | Oct 10 | Oct 3 – Oct 24 | 14–28 |
| Hydrangeas | Jan 18 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 4 | 90–150 |
| Impatiens | Feb 1 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 60–75 |
| Irises | — | Division | Apr 5 | — | May 24 – Jun 28 | 60–100 |
| Larkspur | — | Mar 1 | — | Sep 5 | May 10 – Aug 2 | 60–90 |
| Lavender | Jan 25 | — | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Sep 6 | 90–120 |
| Lilies | — | Division | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Sep 27 | 70–120 |
| Lobelia | Jan 25 | — | Mar 1 | — | Apr 26 – Jul 5 | 70–80 |
| Lupine | Feb 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | May 24 – Jun 28 | 75–100 |
| Marigolds | Feb 15 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | May 24 – Sep 13 | 50–70 |
| Nasturtium | Mar 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | May 24 – Oct 11 | 55–65 |
| Pansy | Jan 18 | — | Mar 22 | Sep 5 | May 17 – Aug 9 | 70–90 |
| Peonies | — | Division | Apr 5 | — | May 31 – Jun 28 | 90–120 |
| Petunia | Feb 1 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 4 | 70–90 |
| Phlox | Jan 25 | Apr 5 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 14 – Sep 6 | 80–110 |
| Portulaca | Mar 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | May 17 – Sep 27 | 50–70 |
| Ranunculus | — | — | — | Sep 19 | Oct 10 – Nov 7 | 90–120 |
| Roses | Jan 18 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 18 | 90–180 |
| Salvia | Feb 1 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 70–90 |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Jan 25 | — | Apr 5 | — | Jul 26 – Oct 18 | 60–90 |
| Snapdragon | Jan 18 | Mar 1 | Mar 22 | Sep 19 | May 31 – Sep 6 | 70–100 |
| Sunflower | Mar 8 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | Jun 21 – Oct 11 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Alyssum | Feb 15 | Mar 1 | Mar 29 | Oct 3 | May 10 – Aug 16 | 45–60 |
| Sweet Pea | — | — | — | Sep 19 | Nov 28 – Feb 20 | 65–85 |
| Tulips | — | — | — | Oct 10 | Sep 26 – Oct 17 | 15–30 |
| Vinca (Annual) | Jan 18 | — | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 70–90 |
| Yarrow | Jan 25 | Mar 22 | Apr 5 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 25 | 60–90 |
| Zinnia | Mar 1 | Mar 29 | Mar 29 | — | Jun 7 – Oct 11 | 60–70 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Issue
ZIP Codes in Issue
Click any ZIP to see its specific frost, soil, and climate measurements (some ZIPs differ noticeably from the town aggregate):
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Charles County.
Your Charles County Garden Planner — Free
A 22-page printable planner built for Charles County (Zone 7b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log