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When to Plant Kidney Beans in Baltimore City, MD

Baltimore City, Maryland Zone 8a April

Your April planting checklist for Baltimore City, Maryland

Each item below is timed to Baltimore City, Maryland's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost April 3
Avg. first frost November 6
Soil temp (4") 59°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Moderate
Daylight 13 hrs
  1. Scatter kidney beans into prepared beds

    Thin ruthlessly once seedlings are up. Crowded roots mean smaller crops from every plant.

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Kidney beans are a popular dry bean variety named for their shape, available in red and white types. They are the classic bean for chili and red beans and rice.

Baltimore City, Maryland is in USDA Zone 8a. The average last spring frost is April 3 and the first fall frost is November 6, giving you a growing season of approximately 217 days.

At an elevation of 213 feet, Baltimore City receives approximately 48.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 94°F, providing good warmth for Kidney Beans during the growing season.

Baltimore City, MD (Zone 8a) Long season
217 days
Last Spring Frost April 3
217 growing days
First Fall Frost November 6
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Baltimore City Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.5-6.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (92 days to spare)
Transplant: Mar 28 🍅 Harvest: Jun 27 – Aug 1
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (91 days to spare)
Transplant: Apr 3 🍅 Harvest: Jul 3 – Aug 7
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (93 days to spare)
Transplant: Apr 16 🍅 Harvest: Jul 16 – Aug 20

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Baltimore City

How your county's soil matches Kidney Beans's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.5–6.8) overlaps with Kidney Beans's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Baltimore City is excellent for Kidney Beans — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Kidney Beans.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.0%). Annual compost additions will help Kidney Beans.

How to Plant Kidney Beans

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Kidney Beans

Kidney Beans needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Kidney Beans Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 4.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.3" 4.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 4.3" 4.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 4.3" 4.1" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 4.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 4.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Nov 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Dec 3.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Nov in Baltimore City). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Kidney Beans Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Kidney Beans needs ~1,999 GDD — county provides 4,448 GDD Excellent fit

Kidney Beans Planting Timeline — Baltimore City, MD

Kidney Beans Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Direct Sow April 10 Apr 10 – May 1
Harvest July 10 Jul 10 – Aug 14

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March
April Direct Sow
May Direct Sow
June
July Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

85–110 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 8a

📆 Growing Season

217 days in Baltimore City

Growing Tips for Kidney Beans in Baltimore City

Direct sow Kidney Beans outdoors after April 03 in Baltimore City when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Kidney Beans in this region include bean beetles and aphids. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow after frost. Allow pods to dry completely on the plant. Kidney beans must be thoroughly cooked as raw or undercooked beans contain harmful lectins.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Onion
  • Garlic

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Kidney Beans in Baltimore City, MD?

Baltimore City is in Zone 8a with an average last frost of April 3. Plan your Kidney Beans planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Baltimore City, MD?

Baltimore City, Maryland is in USDA Hardiness Zone 8a. The average last spring frost is April 3 and first fall frost is November 6.

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Your Baltimore City Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Baltimore City (Zone 8a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Baltimore City, MD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: April 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.