Blog

When to Plant Cauliflower in Baltimore City, MD

Baltimore City, Maryland Zone 8a May

Your May planting checklist for Baltimore City, Maryland

May is a pivotal month for Baltimore City, Maryland gardens. Focus on these tasks first and you'll set up the rest of the season for success.

Avg. last frost April 3
Avg. first frost November 6
Soil temp (4") 69°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Moderate
Daylight 14.2 hrs
  1. Indoor seed-starting week for cauliflower

    Label every cell. You will absolutely forget which is which otherwise.

  2. Bring in the cauliflower

    Don't tug. Use scissors or pruners for clean cuts — torn stems invite disease.

June will be here before you know it — start on
  • First harvests: cauliflower

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Cauliflower is a cool-season brassica that produces dense white, purple, or green heads called curds. It is more finicky than broccoli but rewards with a mild, nutty flavor.

Baltimore City, Maryland is in USDA Zone 8a. The average last spring frost is April 3 and the first fall frost is November 6, giving you a growing season of approximately 217 days.

At an elevation of 213 feet, Baltimore City receives approximately 48.7 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 94°F, providing good warmth for Cauliflower during the growing season.

Baltimore City, MD (Zone 8a) Long season
217 days
Last Spring Frost April 3
217 growing days
First Fall Frost November 6

Baltimore City Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.5-6.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (99 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 21 Transplant: Mar 28 🍅 Harvest: May 23 – Jul 25
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (98 days to spare)
Start indoors: Feb 27 Transplant: Apr 3 🍅 Harvest: May 29 – Jul 31
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (100 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 12 Transplant: Apr 16 🍅 Harvest: Jun 11 – Aug 13

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Baltimore City

How your county's soil matches Cauliflower's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.5–6.8) overlaps with Cauliflower's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Baltimore City is excellent for Cauliflower — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Cauliflower.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.0%). Annual compost additions will help Cauliflower.

How to Plant Cauliflower

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Cauliflower

4
successive plantings in your 217-day season

Sow every 6.3 weeks. Last sowing by Jul 29 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 28.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.9″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Cauliflower

Cauliflower needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Cauliflower Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 4.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.3" 4.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 4.3" 4.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 4.3" 4.1" 0.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 4.3" 4.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 4.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Nov 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Dec 3.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Nov in Baltimore City). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Cauliflower Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Cauliflower needs ~1,589 GDD — county provides 4,448 GDD Excellent fit

Cauliflower Planting Timeline — Baltimore City, MD

Cauliflower Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors February 27 Feb 27 – Mar 13
Transplant Outdoors April 3 Apr 3 – Apr 17
Direct Sow March 20 Mar 20 – Apr 10
Harvest May 29 May 29 – Jul 31
Fall Sowing August 28 Aug 28 – Sep 11

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February Start Indoors
March Start Indoors Direct Sow
April Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Harvest
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September Fall Sowing
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

55–100 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 8a

📆 Growing Season

217 days in Baltimore City

Growing Tips for Cauliflower in Baltimore City

Direct sow Cauliflower outdoors after April 03 in Baltimore City when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Summer highs in Baltimore City reach 94°F — grow Cauliflower as a spring or fall crop. Use shade cloth if planting in summer.

Common pests for Cauliflower in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 6 weeks before transplanting. Blanch white varieties by tying outer leaves over the head. Provide consistent moisture and avoid temperature extremes.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Cauliflower in Baltimore City, MD?

Baltimore City is in Zone 8a with an average last frost of April 3. Plan your Cauliflower planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Baltimore City, MD?

Baltimore City, Maryland is in USDA Hardiness Zone 8a. The average last spring frost is April 3 and first fall frost is November 6.

🌱

Your Baltimore City Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Baltimore City (Zone 8a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Baltimore City, MD. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.