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When to plant Fennel in Union County, IA

Aim to plant Fennel in Union County on or after April 30; the window stays open through May 21. Union County's 171-day frost-free season gives you a single solid spring crop with a brief fall option.

When to Plant Fennel in Union County, IA

Florence fennel is grown for its swollen bulb-like stem base, which has a mild anise flavor. It is crisp raw in salads and sweet when roasted or braised.

Union County, Iowa is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 23 and the first fall frost is October 11, giving you a growing season of approximately 171 days.

At an elevation of 1,311 feet, Union County receives approximately 39 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 83°F, so choose short-season varieties of Fennel to ensure they mature before fall.

Union County, IA (Zone 5b) Moderate season
171 days
Last Spring Frost April 23
171 growing days
First Fall Frost October 11

Union County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6.0-7.0

Drainage

Well Drained

Fennel Planting Timeline — Union County, IA

Fennel Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors February 26 Feb 26 – Mar 12
Transplant Outdoors May 7 May 7 – May 21
Direct Sow April 30 Apr 30 – May 21
Harvest July 9 Jul 9 – Aug 20

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February Start Indoors
March Start Indoors
April Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June
July Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

Moderate — regular watering

📅 Days to Maturity

60–90 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: N/A

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5b

📆 Growing Season

171 days in Union County

Growing Tips for Union County

Direct sow in late summer for fall harvest to reduce bolting. Hill soil around bulbs as they enlarge. Harvest when bulbs are tennis-ball sized before they elongate.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Peppers
  • Beans

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Fennel in Union County, IA?

Union County is in Zone 5b with an average last frost of April 23. Plan your Fennel planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Union County, IA?

Union County, Iowa is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 23 and first fall frost is October 11.

When should I plant Fennel in Union County, IA?

In Union County, IA, plant Fennel after the last frost (around April 23) and before the first frost (around October 11). Best results when soil holds above 50°F.

What growing zone is Union County, IA for Fennel?

Union County sits in USDA Zone 5b. Fennel grows reliably in zones 4a through 10b, so it's a good fit here.

Can Fennel grow in Union County's climate?

Yes — Fennel grows well in Union County's temperate climate. Union County averages a 171-day frost-free season, with last frost around April 23 and first frost around October 11.

🌱

Your Union County Garden Planner — Free

A 22-page printable planner built for Union County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Union County, IA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: July 2026.

Sources & credits

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