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When to Plant Watercress in Monroe County, IA

Monroe County, Iowa Zone 5b May

May to-do list for Monroe County, Iowa

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Monroe County, Iowa.

Avg. last frost April 26
Avg. first frost October 13
Soil temp (4") 58°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.3 hrs
  1. Start watercress indoors

    Your window is short. These crops want several weeks of indoor growth before they go outside.

Before June arrives, get these ready
  • First harvests: watercress

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Watercress is a semi-aquatic plant with a peppery, tangy flavor rich in vitamins and minerals. It grows naturally along streams and can be cultivated in containers with standing water.

Monroe County, Iowa is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 26 and the first fall frost is October 13, giving you a growing season of approximately 170 days.

At an elevation of 968 feet, Monroe County receives approximately 32.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 87°F, providing good warmth for Watercress during the growing season.

Monroe County, IA (Zone 5b) Moderate season
170 days
Last Spring Frost April 26
170 growing days
First Fall Frost October 13

Monroe County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.3

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (94 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 14 Transplant: Apr 18 🍅 Harvest: May 30 – Jul 4
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (93 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 22 Transplant: Apr 26 🍅 Harvest: Jun 7 – Jul 12
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (91 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 8 Transplant: May 13 🍅 Harvest: Jun 24 – Jul 29

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Monroe County

How your county's soil matches Watercress's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.3) overlaps with Watercress's range (6.5–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Monroe County is excellent for Watercress — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.2%) — Watercress will thrive.

How to Plant Watercress

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Watercress

5
successive plantings in your 170-day season

Sow every 4.6 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 14 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 04.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.5″/week
Rainfall provides
0.8″/week
You supply
0.7″/week
Watering frequency 1-2 times/week
Season total 1,055 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Watercress

Watercress needs approximately 1.5 inches of water per week (6.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Watercress Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 6.5" 2.8" 3.7" 🚿 Regular watering
May 6.5" 3.5" 3" 💧 Light watering
Jun 6.5" 4.3" 2.2" 💧 Light watering
Jul 6.5" 4" 2.5" 💧 Light watering
Aug 6.5" 3.3" 3.2" 💧 Light watering
Sep 6.5" 3" 3.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 6.5" 2.3" 4.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.8" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Monroe County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Watercress Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Watercress needs ~762 GDD — county provides 2,592 GDD Excellent fit

Watercress Planting Timeline — Monroe County, IA

Watercress Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 22 Mar 22 – Apr 5
Transplant Outdoors April 26 Apr 26 – May 10
Direct Sow April 12 Apr 12 – May 3
Harvest June 7 Jun 7 – Jul 12
Fall Sowing August 4 Aug 4 – Aug 18

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

1.5"/week · 1-2 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

40–60 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6.5–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5b

📆 Growing Season

170 days in Monroe County

Growing Tips for Watercress in Monroe County

Direct sow Watercress outdoors after April 26 in Monroe County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 170.0-day season in Monroe County allows multiple plantings of Watercress. Sow every 20.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Watercress in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Grow in containers with trays of water kept fresh. Provide partial shade and cool conditions. Harvest stems by cutting above water level. Replace water frequently to prevent stagnation.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Watercress in Monroe County, IA?

Monroe County is in Zone 5b with an average last frost of April 26. Plan your Watercress planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Monroe County, IA?

Monroe County, Iowa is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 26 and first fall frost is October 13.

🌱

Your Monroe County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Monroe County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Monroe County, IA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.