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When to Plant Squash (Summer) in Madison County, IA

Madison County, Iowa Zone 5b May

May in Madison County, Iowa — your action list

Your garden in Madison County, Iowa is working on a schedule, even when you're not. Here's where you should be this May.

Avg. last frost April 24
Avg. first frost October 11
Soil temp (4") 60°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure Low
Daylight 14.3 hrs
  1. Get squash (summer) in the ground

    Pick a cloudy afternoon or evening to plant. Less transplant shock, and your seedlings will barely blink.

  2. Seed squash (summer) outdoors

    Your soil is 60°F — warm enough for these to germinate without babying.

  3. Time to start squash (summer) inside

    These need a head start before your last frost (April 24). Sow into cells now so you're ready to transplant in a few weeks.

Looking ahead to June
  • First harvests: squash (summer)

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Summer squash includes zucchini, yellow crookneck, and pattypan varieties that are harvested young and tender. They are prolific producers in warm weather.

Madison County, Iowa is in USDA Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 24 and the first fall frost is October 11, giving you a growing season of approximately 170 days.

At an elevation of 1,022 feet, Madison County receives approximately 40.6 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 84°F, so choose short-season varieties of Squash (Summer) to ensure they mature before fall.

Madison County, IA (Zone 5b) Moderate season
170 days
Last Spring Frost April 24
170 growing days
First Fall Frost October 11

Madison County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

6.3-6.9

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (44 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 14 Transplant: May 2 🍅 Harvest: Jun 20 – Aug 22
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (44 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 20 Transplant: May 8 🍅 Harvest: Jun 26 – Aug 28
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (42 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 4 Transplant: May 23 🍅 Harvest: Jul 11 – Sep 12

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Madison County

How your county's soil matches Squash (Summer)'s growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.3–6.9) is within Squash (Summer)'s preferred range (6.0–7.5).

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Madison County is excellent for Squash (Summer) — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.3%) — Squash (Summer) will thrive.

How to Plant Squash (Summer)

1"
Planting Depth
30"
Between Plants
42"
Between Rows

Succession Planting Squash (Summer)

4
successive plantings in your 170-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 07 to harvest before frost.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
1.0″/week
Watering frequency Natural rainfall sufficient
Season total 0 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 6/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Squash (Summer)

Squash (Summer) needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Squash (Summer) Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
May 4.3" 5.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 4.3" 5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 4.3" 4" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Aug 4.3" 3.7" 0.6" 💧 Light watering
Sep 4.3" 3.8" 0.5" 💧 Light watering
Oct 4.3" 3.4" 0.9" 💧 Light watering
Nov 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Madison County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Squash (Summer) Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Squash (Summer) needs ~715 GDD — county provides 2,210 GDD Excellent fit

Squash (Summer) Planting Timeline — Madison County, IA

Squash (Summer) Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 20 Mar 20 – Apr 3
Transplant Outdoors May 8 May 8 – May 22
Direct Sow May 1 May 1 – May 22
Harvest June 26 Jun 26 – Aug 28

Plant 1" deep · 30" apart · Rows 42" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Harvest
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · Natural rainfall sufficient

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: ideal

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 5b

📆 Growing Season

170 days in Madison County

Growing Tips for Squash (Summer) in Madison County

Direct sow Squash (Summer) outdoors after April 24 in Madison County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 170.0-day season in Madison County allows multiple plantings of Squash (Summer). Sow every 22.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Squash (Summer) in this region include squash vine borer and cucumber beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Direct sow after last frost on mounds. Harvest frequently when fruits are 6-8 inches for best texture. Check plants daily as they grow rapidly in summer heat.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Potatoes

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Squash (Summer) in Madison County, IA?

Madison County is in Zone 5b with an average last frost of April 24. Plan your Squash (Summer) planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Madison County, IA?

Madison County, Iowa is in USDA Hardiness Zone 5b. The average last spring frost is April 24 and first fall frost is October 11.

🌱

Your Madison County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Madison County (Zone 5b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Madison County, IA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.