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When to plant Endive in Union County, IN

For Endive in Union County, the safe spring window opens around April 11 and closes around May 2. Last expected frost is April 25, first fall frost October 17, giving a 175-day growing season. A second sowing from August 8 to August 22 extends the harvest into fall.

When to Plant Endive in Union County, IN

Union County, Indiana Zone 6a August

Your August gardening checklist

Welcome to August in Zone 6a. These are the moves that will have the biggest impact on your growing season.

Avg. last frost April 25
Avg. first frost October 17
Soil temp (4") 81°F
Watering Moderate
Pest pressure High
Daylight 13.6 hrs
  1. Plant your fall garden: endive

    Count back from your first frost (October 17) — these need to mature before the cold arrives.

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Endive is a leafy green with a slightly bitter flavor, available in curly (frisee) and broad-leaved (escarole) types. It adds texture and complexity to salads.

Union County, Indiana is in USDA Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 25 and the first fall frost is October 17, giving you a growing season of approximately 175 days.

At an elevation of 506 feet, Union County receives approximately 33.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 90°F, providing good warmth for Endive during the growing season.

Union County, IN (Zone 6a) Moderate season
175 days
Last Spring Frost April 25
175 growing days
First Fall Frost October 17

Union County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.7-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Endive Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (93 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 13 Transplant: Apr 17 🍅 Harvest: Jun 5 – Jul 10
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (91 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 21 Transplant: Apr 25 🍅 Harvest: Jun 13 – Jul 18
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (87 days to spare)
Start indoors: Apr 4 Transplant: May 9 🍅 Harvest: Jun 27 – Aug 1

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Union County

How your county's soil matches Endive's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.7–7.2) overlaps with Endive's range (5.5–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Union County is excellent for Endive — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Drainage

Drainage is adequate for Endive.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.1%) — Endive will thrive.

How to Plant Endive

0.5"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Succession Planting Endive

4
successive plantings in your 175-day season

Sow every 5.1 weeks. Last sowing by Aug 13 to harvest before frost.

For a dedicated fall crop, sow by Aug 08.

Endive Water Budget

Plant needs
0.7″/week
Rainfall provides
0.8″/week
You supply
0.1″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 165 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Endive

Endive needs approximately 0.7 inches of water per week (3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Endive Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3" 3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
May 3" 4.4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3" 3.6" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3" 3.7" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3" 3.1" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Sep 3" 3.3" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Oct 3" 2.9" 0.1" 💧 Light watering
Nov 2.4" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.9" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Union County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Endive Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Endive needs ~962 GDD — county provides 3,062 GDD Excellent fit

Endive Planting Timeline — Union County, IN

Endive Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 21 Mar 21 – Apr 4
Transplant Outdoors April 25 Apr 25 – May 9
Direct Sow April 11 Apr 11 – May 2
Harvest June 13 Jun 13 – Jul 18
Fall Sowing August 8 Aug 8 – Aug 22

Plant 0.5" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors
April Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing
September
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Partial Shade (3-6 hours)

💧 Water

0.7"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

45–65 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 5.5–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 6a

📆 Growing Season

175 days in Union County

Growing Tips for Endive in Union County

Direct sow Endive outdoors after April 25 in Union County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Your generous 175.0-day season in Union County allows multiple plantings of Endive. Sow every 22.0 days for continuous harvest.

Common pests for Endive in this region include aphids and slugs. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Sow seeds directly in spring or fall. Blanch heads by tying outer leaves together 2-3 weeks before harvest to reduce bitterness. Keep soil evenly moist.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Fennel

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Endive in Union County, IN?

Union County is in Zone 6a with an average last frost of April 25. Plan your Endive planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Union County, IN?

Union County, Indiana is in USDA Hardiness Zone 6a. The average last spring frost is April 25 and first fall frost is October 17.

When should I plant Endive in Union County, IN?

In Union County, IN, plant Endive after the last frost (around April 25) and before the first frost (around October 17). Best results when soil holds above 50°F.

What growing zone is Union County, IN for Endive?

Union County sits in USDA Zone 6a. Endive grows reliably in zones 3a through 10b, so it's a good fit here.

Can Endive grow in Union County's climate?

Yes — Endive grows well in Union County's temperate climate. Union County averages a 175-day frost-free season, with last frost around April 25 and first frost around October 17.

🌱

Your Union County Garden Planner — Free

A 22-page printable planner built for Union County (Zone 6a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Union County, IN. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: August 2026.

Sources & credits

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