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When to plant Brussels Sprouts in Union County, IL

Aim to plant Brussels Sprouts in Union County on or after March 27; the window stays open through April 17. Union County's 194-day frost-free season gives you enough for a full main crop and a short fall succession. A second sowing from August 12 to August 26 extends the harvest into fall.

When to Plant Brussels Sprouts in Union County, IL

Brussels Sprouts
Union County, Illinois Zone 7a June

June in Union County, Illinois — your action list

Your garden in Union County, Illinois is working on a schedule, even when you're not. Here's where you should be this June.

Avg. last frost April 10
Avg. first frost October 21
Soil temp (4") 73°F
Watering Low
Pest pressure High
Daylight 14.6 hrs

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Brussels sprouts are a cold-hardy brassica that produces miniature cabbage-like heads along a tall stalk. Flavor improves after a light frost.

Union County, Illinois is in USDA Zone 7a. The average last spring frost is April 10 and the first fall frost is October 21, giving you a growing season of approximately 194 days.

At an elevation of 1,017 feet, Union County receives approximately 34.2 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly silt loam soil. Summer highs average 88°F, providing good warmth for Brussels Sprouts during the growing season.

Union County, IL (Zone 7a) Moderate season
194 days
Last Spring Frost April 10
194 growing days
First Fall Frost October 21

Union County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Silt Loam

Soil pH

5.8-7.1

Drainage

Well Drained

Brussels Sprouts Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (45 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 1 Transplant: Apr 5 🍅 Harvest: Jul 5 – Aug 30
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (47 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 6 Transplant: Apr 10 🍅 Harvest: Jul 10 – Sep 4
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (45 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 20 Transplant: Apr 24 🍅 Harvest: Jul 24 – Sep 18

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Union County

How your county's soil matches Brussels Sprouts's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (5.8–7.1) overlaps with Brussels Sprouts's range (6.0–7.5), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The silt loam soil in Union County is excellent for Brussels Sprouts — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is excellent (4.4%) — Brussels Sprouts will thrive.

How to Plant Brussels Sprouts

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 10 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Brussels Sprouts Water Budget

Plant needs
0.9″/week
Rainfall provides
0.7″/week
You supply
0.2″/week
Watering frequency Only during dry spells
Season total 276 gal / 100 sq ft

Monthly Watering Guide for Brussels Sprouts

Brussels Sprouts needs approximately 0.9 inches of water per week (3.9" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Brussels Sprouts Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 1.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 1.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Mar 2.6" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Apr 3.9" 3" 0.9" 💧 Light watering
May 3.9" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jun 3.9" 4" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Jul 3.9" 3.9" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Aug 3.9" 3.6" 0.3" 💧 Light watering
Sep 3.9" 3.2" 0.7" 💧 Light watering
Oct 3.9" 2.4" 1.5" 💧 Light watering
Nov 2.5" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Dec 1.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Apr–Oct in Union County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Brussels Sprouts Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Brussels Sprouts needs ~1,760 GDD — county provides 3,104 GDD Excellent fit

Brussels Sprouts Planting Timeline — Union County, IL

Brussels Sprouts Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors March 6 Mar 6 – Mar 20
Transplant Outdoors April 10 Apr 10 – Apr 24
Direct Sow March 27 Mar 27 – Apr 17
Harvest July 10 Jul 10 – Sep 4
Fall Sowing August 12 Aug 12 – Aug 26

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January
February
March Start Indoors Direct Sow
April Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
May
June
July Harvest
August Fall Sowing Harvest
September Harvest
October
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.9"/week · Only during dry spells

📅 Days to Maturity

90–130 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7.5 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 7a

📆 Growing Season

194 days in Union County

Growing Tips for Brussels Sprouts in Union County

Direct sow Brussels Sprouts outdoors after April 10 in Union County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Brussels Sprouts in this region include cabbage worm and flea beetles. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 12-14 weeks before first fall frost. Stake tall plants to prevent toppling. Remove lower leaves as sprouts develop to improve air circulation.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Tomatoes
  • Strawberries

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Brussels Sprouts in Union County, IL?

Union County is in Zone 7a with an average last frost of April 10. Plan your Brussels Sprouts planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Union County, IL?

Union County, Illinois is in USDA Hardiness Zone 7a. The average last spring frost is April 10 and first fall frost is October 21.

When should I plant Brussels Sprouts in Union County, IL?

In Union County, IL, plant Brussels Sprouts after the last frost (around April 10) and before the first frost (around October 21). Best results when soil holds above 50°F.

What growing zone is Union County, IL for Brussels Sprouts?

Union County sits in USDA Zone 7a. Brussels Sprouts grows reliably in zones 2a through 10b, so it's a good fit here.

Can Brussels Sprouts grow in Union County's climate?

Yes — Brussels Sprouts grows well in Union County's temperate climate. Union County averages a 194-day frost-free season, with last frost around April 10 and first frost around October 21.

🌱

Your Union County Garden Planner — Free

A 22-page printable planner built for Union County (Zone 7a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Union County, IL. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: June 2026.

Sources & credits

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